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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| BOND FORMED BY THE SHARING ELECTRONS BETWEEN ATOMS |
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Definition
| POSITIVELY CHARGED PARTICLES. SUBATOMIC PARTICLE THAT MAKES UP ATOM |
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Definition
| CARRY NO CHARGE. BOUND WITH PROTONS TO MAKE NUCLEUS |
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Term
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Definition
| NEGATIVELY CHARGED. 1/1840 MASS OF PROTON. IN CONSTANT MOTION. OUTER RING OF NUCLEUS |
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Definition
| ATOMS OF THE SAME ELEMENT THAT DIFFER IN THE NUMBER OF NEUTRONS THEY CONTAIN |
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Definition
| MIXTURE OF 2 OR MORE SUBSTANCES IN WHICH THE MOLECULES OF THE SUBSTANCES ARE EVENLY DISTRIBUTED |
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Definition
| SUBSTANCE IN WHICH A SOLUTE IS DISSOLVED TO FORM A SOLUTION |
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Definition
| SUBSTANCE THAT IS DISSOLVED IN A SOLVENT TO MAKE A SOLUTION |
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Definition
| A MEASUREMENT SYSTEM TO INDICATE THE CONCENTRATION OF H+ IONS IN A SOLUTION |
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Definition
| ANY COMPOUND THAT FORMS A H+ IONS IN SOLUTION. ACIDIC SOLUTIONS CONTAIN HIGHER CONCENTRATIONS OF H+ IONS THAN PURE WATER AND HAVE A PH VALUES BELOW 7. |
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Definition
| A COMPOUND THAT PRODUCES HYDROXIDE IONS IN A SOLUTION. BASIC, OR ALKALINE SOLUTIONS CONTAIN LOWER CONCENTRATIONS OF H+ IONS THAN PURE WATER AND HAVE PH VALUES ABOVE 7. |
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Definition
| MADE MOSTLY FROM CARBON AND HYDROGEN ATOMS. THEY CAN BE USED TO STORE ENERGY. SOME LIPIDS ARE IMPORTANT PARTS OF BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANES AND WATERPROOF COVERINGS. |
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Term
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Definition
| COMPOUNDS MADE UP OF CARBON, HYDROGEN, AND OXYGEN ATOMS, USUALLY IN A RATIO 1:2:1. LIVING THINGS USE CARBOHYDRATES AS THEIR MAIN SOURCE OF ENERGY. PLANTS AND SOME ANIMALS ALSO USE CARBOHYDRATES FOR STRUCTURAL PURPOSES. |
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Term
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Definition
| MACROMOLECULES THAT CONTAIN NITROGEN AS WELL AS CARBON, HYDROGEN, AND OXYGEN. PROTEINS ARE POLYMERS OF MOLECULES CALLED AMINO ACIDS. |
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Term
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Definition
| MACROMOLECULES CONTAINING HYDROGEN, OXYGN, NITROGEN, CARBON, AND PHOSPHORUS. THEY ARE POLYMERS ASSEMBLED FROM INDIVIDUAL MONOMERS KNOWN AS NUCLEOTIDES |
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Term
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Definition
| (CATALYST IS A SUBSTANCE THAT SPEEDS UP THE RATE OF CHEMICAL REACTION) ENZYME ARE PROTEINS THAT ACT AS A BIOLOGICAL CATALYST. THEY SPEED UP CHEMICAL REACTIONS THAT TAKE PLACE IN CELLS. |
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Term
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Definition
| ATTRACTION BETWEEN MOLECULES OF THE SAME SUBSTANCE |
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Term
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Definition
| ATTRACTION BETWEEN MOLECULES OF DIFFERENT SUBSTANCES; IN PLANTS, ATTRACTION BETWEEN UNLIKE MOLECULES |
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Term
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Definition
| A chemical bond in which a hydrogen atom of one molecule is attracted to an electronegative atom, especially a nitrogen, oxygen, or flourine atom, usually of another molecule. |
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Definition
| A WATER MOLECULE IS POLAR BECAUSE THERE IS AN UNEVEN DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRONS BETWEEN THE OXYGEN AND HYDROGEN BONDS. |
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Term
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Definition
| SINGLE-CELLED ORGANISMS THAT LACK A NUCLEUS |
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Term
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Definition
| LARGER OF THE 2. LIVE ALMOST EVERYWHERE. HAS PROTECTIVE CELL WALL |
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Definition
| LACK THE PEPTIDOGLYCAN OF EUBACTERIA AND ALSO HAVE DIFFERENT MEMBRANE LIPIDS. ALSO THE DNA SEQUENCES OF KEY ARCHEOBACTERIAL GENES ARE MORE LIKE THOSE OF EUKARYOTES THAN THOSE OF EUBACTERIA. |
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Definition
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Definition
CORKSCREW-SHAPED PROKARYOTE
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Definition
| a compound that blocks the growth and reproduction of bacteria |
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Definition
| protein that helps destroy pathogen |
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Definition
| substance that triggers an immune responce |
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Term
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Definition
| immunity produced by exposure to an antigen, as a result of the immune response. |
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Definition
| vertebrate that, with some exceptions, lives in water as a larva and on land as an adult, breathes with lungs as adult, has most skin that contains mucus glands, and lacks scales and claws |
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Definition
| organism that can capture energy from sunlight and chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds; also called a producer |
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Term
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Definition
| physical, or nonliving, factor that shapes an ecosytem |
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Term
| nervous system: structures |
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Definition
| brain,spinal cord, peripheral nerves |
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Term
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Definition
| recognizes and coordinates the body's response to changes in its internal and external environments |
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Term
| integumentary system: structures |
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Definition
| hair, skin, nails, sweat and oil glands |
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Term
integumentary system: functions
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Definition
| serves as a barrier against infection and injury; helps to regulate body temperature; provides protection against ultraviolet radiation from the sun |
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Term
| respiratory system: structures |
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Definition
| nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungs |
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Term
respiratory system: function
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Definition
| provides oxygen needed for cellular respiration and removes excess carbon dioxide from the body |
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Term
| digestive system: structures |
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Definition
| mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, rectum |
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Term
digestive system: functions
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Definition
| converts food into simpler molecules that can be used by the cells of the body; absorbs food; eliminates wastes |
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| excretory system: structures |
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Definition
| skin, lungs, kidneys, ureters, urinary, bladder, urethra |
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Term
excretory system: functions
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Definition
| eliminates waste products from the body in ways that maintain homeostasis |
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Term
| skeletal system: structures |
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Definition
| bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons |
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Term
skeletal system: function
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Definition
| supports the body; protects internal organs; allows movement; stores mineral reserves; provides a site for blood cell formation |
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Term
| muscular system: structures |
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Definition
| skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle |
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Term
| muscular system: function |
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Definition
| works with skeletal system to produce voluntary movement; helps to circulate blood and move food through the digestive system |
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Term
| circulatory system: structures |
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Definition
| heart, blood vessels, blood |
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Term
| circulatory system: function |
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Definition
| brings oxygen, and hormones to cells; fights infection; removes cell wastes; helps to regulate body temperature |
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Term
| endocrine system: structures |
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Definition
| hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries, testes |
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Term
| endocrine system: functions |
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Definition
| controls growth, development, and metabolism;maintains homeostasis |
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| reproductive system: structures |
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Definition
| testes, epididymis , vas deferens , urthrea , and penis;ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina |
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Term
| lymphatic/immune system: structures |
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Definition
| white blood cells, thymus, spleen, lymph nodes, lymph vessels |
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Term
lymphatic/immune system: functions
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Definition
| helps protect the body from disease; collects fluid lost from blood vessels and returns the fluid to the circulatory system |
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Definition
| biological influence on organisms within an ecosystem |
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Definition
| endothermic animals that has an outer covering of feathers, two legs covered with scales that are used for walking or perching, and front limbs modified into wings |
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Definition
| outer protein coat of a virus |
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Definition
| attraction between molecules of the same substance |
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Definition
| member of the phylum Chordata ; animals that has, for at least some stage of its life, a dorsal hollow nerve cord, a notochord, pharyngeal pouches and a muscular tail |
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Definition
| organism that obtains energy by eating animals |
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Definition
| organism that relies on other organisms for its energy and food supply; also called a heterotroph |
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Definition
| immunity against abnormal cells and pathogens inside living cells |
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Definition
| period of time during which a plant embryo is alive but not growing |
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Definition
| organism that feeds on plant and animal remains and other dead matter |
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Definition
| animal that relies on interactions with the environment to help it control body temperature |
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Definition
| animal that generates ist own body hear and controls its body temperature within |
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Definition
| body plan in which only a single, imagery line can divide the body into two equal halves; characteristic of worms, arthropods and chordates |
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Term
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Definition
| wall of tissue surrounding an angiosperm seed |
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Term
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Definition
| seed-baring structure of an angiosperm |
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Definition
| aquatic vertebrate characterized by paired fins, scales, and gills |
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Definition
| series of steps in an ecosystem in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten |
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Definition
| network of complex interactions formed by the feeding relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem |
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Definition
| idea that infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms, or germs |
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Definition
| early growth stage of plant embryo |
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Definition
| filamentous organ in aquatic animals specialized for the exchange of gases with water |
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Definition
| increase in the average temperatures on earth |
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Definition
| immunity against antigens and pathogens in the body fluids. |
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Definition
| tiny filament that makes up a multicellular fungus or a water mold |
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Definition
| organism that obtains energy from the foods it consumes; also called a consumer |
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Definition
| organisms that obtains energy by eating only plants |
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Definition
| animal that does not have a backbone or vertebral column |
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Definition
| process in which a virus enters a cell, makes a copy of itself, and causes the cell to burst |
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Definition
| process by which a virus embeds its DNA into the DNA of the host cell and is replicated along with the host cell's DNA |
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Definition
| many hyphae tangles together into a thick mass; comprises the bodies of multicellular fungi |
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Definition
| cluster of tissue that is responsible for continuing growth throughout a plant's lifetime |
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Definition
| long supporting rod that runs through a chordate's body just below the nerve chord |
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Definition
| organism that obtains energy by eating both plants and animals |
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Definition
| short- term immunity caused when antibodies produced by other animals for a pathogen are injected into the body |
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Term
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Definition
| temporary projection of cytoplasm, or a "false foot", used by some protists for feeding or movement |
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Definition
| vascular tissue responsible for the transport of nutrients and the carbohydrates produced by photosynthesis |
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Term
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Definition
| transfer of pollen from the male reproductive structure to the female reproductive structure |
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Definition
| organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce food from inorganic compounds; also called an autotroph |
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Definition
| interaction in which one organism captures and feeds another organism |
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Definition
| body plan in which body parts repeat around the center of the body; characteristic of sea anemones and sea stars. |
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Definition
| any vertebrate that has dry scaly skin, lungs, and terrestrial eggs with several protection membranes |
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Definition
| embryo of a living plant that is encased in a protective covering and surrounded by a food supply |
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Definition
| relationship in which two species live closely together |
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Definition
| step in a food chain or web |
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Definition
| particle made up of nucleic acid, protein, and in some cells lipids that can replicate only by infecting living cells |
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Definition
| a preparation of weakened or killed pathogens |
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Definition
| animal that has a vertebral column, or backbone |
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Definition
| vascular tissue that carries water upward from the roots to every part of the plant |
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Definition
a disease caused by the entrance into
the body of organisms (asbacteria,
protozoans, fungi, or viruses) which
grow and multiply
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Term
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Definition
With nonspecific defenses, the protection is always the same, no matter what the invader may be. Whereas only vertebrates have specific immune responses, all animals have some type of nonspecific defense. Examples of nonspecific defenses include physical barriers, protein defenses, cellular defenses, inflammation, and fever.
Read more: Nonspecific Defense - Biology Encyclopedia - cells, body, examples, process, system, different, blood, life http://www.biologyreference.com/Mo-Nu/Nonspecific-Defense.html#ixzz0pBiunsCK |
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Term
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Definition
The Mollusca (mollusks) are a large phylum of animals that includes the snails, slugs, clams, squids, and octopi, among others. Most are marine, many are freshwater, and some snails and slugs are terrestrial. The phylum name refers to their soft, pulpy bodies ( mollis means "soft"). In many cases, the body is protected by a hard shell of calcium carbonate—the seashells familiar to beachcombers and "half shells" familiar to oyster lovers.
Read more: Mollusk - Biology Encyclopedia - body, human, used, membrane, species http://www.biologyreference.com/Mo-Nu/Mollusk.html#ixzz0pBjArcsZ |
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Definition
Specific immune responses can distinguish among different invaders.
Read more: Nonspecific Defense - Biology Encyclopedia - cells, body, examples, process, system, different, blood, life http://www.biologyreference.com/Mo-Nu/Nonspecific-Defense.html#ixzz0pBjWtys7 |
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Definition
| kingdom of multicellular eukaryotic heterotrophs whose cells do not have cell walls |
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Definition
| kingdom composed of herterotrophs; many obtain energy and nutrients from dead organic matter |
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Definition
| kingdom composed of eukaryotes that are not classified as plants, animals, or fungi |
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Definition
| kingdom of multicellular photsynthetic autotrophs that have cell walls containing cellulose |
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Term
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Definition
| http://www.biologyreference.com/Fo-Gr/Fungi.html |
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