Term
| What is the function of a) DNA helicase b) DNA polymerase c) DNA ligase d) DNA primase |
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Definition
| a)DNA helicase unwinds the double helix at a replication fork, exposing the two single strands of DNA. b)DNA polymerase forms the backbone of the daughter DNA strands. c)DNA ligase joins the sugars and phosphates in a DNA strand to create a continuous sugar-phosphate backbone. d) DNA primase RNA primers initiate new strand synthesis. RNA primers are made by DNA primase |
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Term
| What are replication forks? |
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Definition
| the Y-shaped regions of replicating DNA molecules where new strands are growing. |
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Term
| How are errors minimized during DNA replication? OR what is the function of repair enzymes during DNA replication? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name given to the DNA fragments/ pieces on the lagging strand that are joined by ligase? |
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Definition
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Term
| Differeniate between leading strand and lagging strand with respect to DNA replication. |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is the mode of DNA replication we learned in class called semi-conservative replication? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the effect of blocking one step of a multistep biochemical pathway? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe one difference between gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes we discussed in Chapter 10. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the first step in gene expression? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is the role of RNA polymerase in transcription? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name given to RNA synthesized from a gene coding for a protein? |
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Definition
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Term
| List the main differences between RNA and DNA. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the role of tRNA, mRNA, and rRNA in gene expression? |
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Definition
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Term
| Below is the template strand of DNA. What is the correct sequence of mRNA that can be made from it following transcription? 3' ACTCGTGCACTGCAGT5' |
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Definition
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Term
| The process of transcription involves three stages name and briefly explain each one of them. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the relationship between mRNA and the DNA template strand? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the second step in gene expression? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is a triplet code/codon and how is it related to the anticodon? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Where in a eukaryotic cell does translation occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| What combination of RNAs acts as the interpreter between the nucleotide language of mRNA and the nucleic acid language of proteins? |
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Definition
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Term
| The start codon is AUG, what is the anticodon for it? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are amino acids in the polypeptide chain linked together during protein synthesis? |
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Definition
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Term
| tRNAfmet is also called intiator tRNA why? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why don't stop codons bind tRNA? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the following types of mutation (a) a point mutation (b)insertion (c) deletion |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is the binary fission and in which organism does it occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| Differentiate between a cell cycle and life cycle. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Differeniate between a diploid cell and a haploid cell. |
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Definition
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Term
| How many chromosomes are present in a normal human body cell? Of these chromosomes how many are sex chromosomes? |
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Definition
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Term
| Differentiate between mitosis and cytokinesis. |
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Definition
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Term
| List the 5 stages of mitosis and briefly explain what happens at each stage. |
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Definition
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Term
| Differentiate between sexual and asexual reproduction. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are homologous chromosomes? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| List the stages of interphase and briefly state what happens during each stage. |
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Definition
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Term
| How is the division of the cytoplasm in animals different from that in plants? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is DNA replication required before cell divison? |
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Definition
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Term
| Imagine you have a short protein of about 10 amino acids only. How many nucleotides were required to code for this protein? |
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Definition
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