Term
|
Definition
| An informal term that describes a great variety of protists, most of which are unicellular or colonial photosynthetic autotrophs with chloroplasts. Heterotrophic and multicellular protists closely related to unicelular autotrophs are also regarded as this. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of protist characterized by great structural flexibility and the presence of pseudopodia. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of parasitic protozoan. Some cause serious human disease. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One of the two prokaryotic domains of life, the other being Bacteria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A rod-shaped prokaryotic cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One of the two prokaryotic domains of life, the other being Archaea. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A means of asexual reproduction in which a parent organism, often a single cell, divides into two individuals of about equal size. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The principle that all life arises by the reproduction of preexisting life. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The use of living organisms to detoxify and restore polluted and degraded ecosystems. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of protist that has unicellular amoeboid cells an d a multicellular reproductive body in its life cycle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of protozoan that moves and feeds by means of cilia. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A spherical prokaryotic cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A unicellular photosynthetic alga with a unique glass cell wall containing silica. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A unicellular photosynthetic alga with two flagella situated in perpendicular grooves in cellulose plates covering the cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A thick-coated, protective cell produced within a prokaryotic cell exposed to harsh conditions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Symbiotic relationship in which one species resides within another specie. The mitochondria and chloroplasts of eukaryotic cells probably evolved from symbiotic associations between small prokaryotic cells living inside larger ones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A poisonous component of the outer membrane of certain bacteria. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An organism characterized by eukaryotic cells which are cells with a membrane enclosed nucleus and other membrane-enclosed organelles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A protist that moves by means of one or more flagella. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One of a group of photosynthetic protists that includes unicellular, colonia, and multicellular species; the photosynthetic protists most closely related to plants. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A disease-causing virus or organism. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of protist named for an amoeboid plasmodial feeding stage in its life cycle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An organism characterized by prokaryotic cells which are a type of cell lacking a nucleus and other organelles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any eukaryote that is not a plant, animal, or fungus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A temporary extension of an amoeboid cell. Pseudopodia function in moving cells and engulfing food. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An enzymatic RNA molecule that catalyzes chemical reactions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A large, multicellular marine alga. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The incorrect notion that life can emerge from nonliving matter. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An interaction between organisms of different species in which one species, the symbiont, lives in or on another species, the host. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The uptake of small nutrient molecules by an organism's own body. In animals, absorption is the third main stage of food processing, following digestion; in fungi it is acquisition of nutrients from the surrounding medium. |
|
|
Term
| alternation of generations |
|
Definition
| A life cycle in which there is both a multicellular diploid form, the sporophyte, and a multicellular haploid form, the gametophyte; a characteristic of plants and multicellular green algae. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A flowering plant, which form seeds inside a protective chamber called an ovary. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A sac in which pollen grains develop, located at the tip of a flower's stamen. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A ty[e of plant that lacks xylem and phloem; a nonvascular plant. These include mosses and their close relatives. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The egg-producing part of a flower, consisting of a stalk with an ovary at the base and a stigma, which traps pollen, at the tip. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A member of the green algal group that shares features with land plants. They are considered the closest relatives of land plants. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A gymnosperm, or naked-seed plant, most of which produce cones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In animals, a tough, nonliving outer layer of the skin. In plants, a waxy coating on the surface of stems and leaves that helps retain water. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In flowering plants, the formation of both a zygote and a cell with a triploid nucleus, which develops into the endosperm. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In flowering plants, a nutrient-rich mass formed by the union of a sperm cell with the diploid central cell of the embryo sac during double fertilization; provides nourishment to the developing embryo in the seed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any of a group of seedless vascular plants. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In a flowering plant, the stalk of a stamen. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In an angiosperm, a short stem with four sets of modified leaves, bearing structures that function in sexual reproduction. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An energy deposit formed from the fossilized remains of long-dead plants and animals. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A ripened, thickened ovary of a flower, which protects dormant seeds and aids in their dispersal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A chemoheterotrophic eukaryote that digests its food externally and absorbs the resulting small nutrient molecules. Molds, mushrooms, and yeasts are examples of this. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A reproductive organ that houses and protects the gametes of a plant. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| To initiate growth, as in a plant seed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One of many filaments making up the body of a fungus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A mutually beneficial symbiotic association between a fungus and an alga or between a fungus and cyanobacterium. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A chemical that hardens the cell walls of plants. Lignin makes up most of what we call wood. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any group of seedless nonvascular plants. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The densely branched network of hyphae in a fungus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A mutually beneficial symbiotic association of a plant root and fungus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In animals, the female gonad, which produces egg cells and reproductive hormones. In flowering plants, the base of a carpel in which the egg-containing ovules develop. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A reproductive structure in a seed plant, containing the female gametophyte and the developing egg. This develops into a seed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A modified leaf of a flowering plant. They are the often colorful parts of a flower that advertise it to insects and other pollinators. |
|
|
