Term
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Definition
describes the
general structure of biological
membranes. |
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Term
| transmembrane proteins, transmembrane domains |
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Definition
____ extend all
the way through the phospholipid
bilayer, with one or more ______ |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| membranes have ___ meaning only some substances can pass through |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Energy for passive transport comes
from the __________: the
difference in concentration between
one side of the membrane and the
other. |
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Term
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Definition
| process of random movement toward equilibrium |
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Term
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Definition
| small molecules pass through the lipid bilayer |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| equal solute concentrations |
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Term
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Definition
| higher solute concentration |
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Term
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Definition
| lower solute conentration |
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Term
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Definition
| Plant cells with rigid cell walls build up internal pressure that keeps more water from entering: _____ |
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Term
|
Definition
Integral
membrane proteins that form a
tunnel |
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Term
|
Definition
Membrane
proteins that bind some substances
and speed their diffusion through the
bilayer. |
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Term
|
Definition
Channel proteins with
hydrophilic pores. |
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Term
|
Definition
| most ion channels are ____ |
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Term
|
Definition
Gate opens when the protein is
stimulated to change shape by a
chemical signal |
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Term
|
Definition
Water can cross membranes through
special channels called |
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Term
|
Definition
transport polar
molecules, such as glucose, across
membranes in both directions. |
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Term
|
Definition
Moves substances
against a concentration and/or
electrical gradient; requires energy. |
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Term
uniporter
symporter
antiporter |
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Definition
| active transport involves 3 types of proteins |
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Term
|
Definition
moves one substance in
one direction |
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Term
|
Definition
moves two substances
in one direction |
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Term
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Definition
moves two substances
in opposite directions |
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Term
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Definition
Requires
direct hydrolysis of ATP. |
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Term
| secondary active transport |
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Definition
Energy
comes from an ion concentration
gradient that is established by primary
active transport. |
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Term
sodium–potassium (Na+–K+)
pump: |
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Definition
Primary active transport
• Found in all animal cells
• An integral membrane glycoprotein
(an antiporter) |
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Term
|
Definition
Brings molecules and
cells into a eukaryotic cell. |
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Term
|
Definition
Molecules or entire
cells are engulfed. |
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Term
|
Definition
A vesicle forms to bring
small dissolved substances or fluids
into a cell. |
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Term
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Definition
| Macromolecules to be moved bind to ______integral membrane proteins located at specific sites on the cell membrane. |
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Term
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Definition
Material in vesicles is
expelled from a cell.
Indigestible materials are expelled.
Other materials leave cells, such as
digestive enzymes and
neurotransmitters. |
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