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| A complex carbohydrate found in most fungi that gives strength and flexibility. |
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| Filaments that are elongatesd at their tips and brance extensively. |
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| The basic structural units of multicellular fingi that are threadlike filaments. |
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| Organisms, such as fungi, that break down and absorb nutrients from dead organisms. |
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| Specialized hyphae produced by parasitic fungi which penetrate and grow into host cells where they directly absorb the host cell' mutrients. |
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| A spore-containing structure like a sac or case in shich spores are produced. |
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| A division with Rhizopus as its most familiar member. They reproduce asexually by producing spores. |
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| Hyphae that grow horizontally along the surface of bread, rapidly producing a mycelium. |
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| Penetrate the food and anchor the mycelium in the bread . They secrete enzymes needed for extra cellular digestion and absorb the digested nutrients. |
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| Tiny saclike structures in which the sexual spores of the fungi develop. |
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| Chains or clusters of asexual spores that develop from the tips of conidiophores. |
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| Club-shaped hyphae from the Basidiomycotes that produce spores and give them their common name |
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| A mutualistic relationship in which a fungus lives symbiotically with a plant. |
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| Organisms that don't move from place to place. They rely on water currents to carry food to them. |
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| The 2 cills that result from cleavage then divide to form 4 cells and so on until a hollow ball of cells is formed. |
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| An animal in which the mouth develops from cells elsewhere on the blastula. |
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| Animals that can be divided along any plane, through a central axis, into roughly equal halves. It enables the animal to detect and capture prey coming toward it from any direction. |
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| An animal that can be divided down its length into similar right and left halves that form mirror images of one another. |
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| Animals that have 3 cell layers-ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm-but no body cavity. |
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| A fluid-filled space that is completely surrounded by mesoderm./ |
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| An animal that does not have a backbone. |
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| Are located between the 2 cell layers of a sponge, carry nutrients to other cells, aid in reproduction, and produce chemicals that help make up the spicules of sponges. |
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| Line the interior of sponges. Has a flagellum that whips back and forth, drawing water through the pores of the sponge. |
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| A large opening at the top of a sponge where water and wastes are expelled. |
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| Structures produced by other cells that form the hard support systems of sponges.They are located between the cell layers of a sponge. |
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| A group of marine invertebrates made up of more that 9000 species of jelly fishes, corals, sea anemones, and hydras. |
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| The stage with a body shaped like an umbrella with tentacles hanging downward. |
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| The stage with a tuve-shaped body and a mouth surrounded by tentacles. |
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| Where digestion takes place. |
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| The inner cell layer of cnidarians where digestion takes place. |
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| A detachable sessction of a tapeworm that contains muscles, nerves, flame cells, and male and female reproductove organs. |
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| Contains round worms that are free-living, but many are parasitic. |
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| Most common roundworm; parasite |
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| A thin membrane that surrounds the internal organs of the mollusk. |
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| Excretory structures found in Mollusks. They remove metabolic wastes from an animal's body. |
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| They are one-shelled mollusks or the stomach-footed mollusks. |
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| Two-shelled mollusks such as clams, oysters, and scallops. |
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| The head-footed mollusks that are marine organisms. They include octopus, squid, cuttlefish, and chambered nautilus. |
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| They filter food particles from the water and gas is exchaned here. |
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| Segmented worms like earthworms, leeches, and bristle worms. |
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| A class in the phylum Annelida that includes earthworms. |
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| A sac with muscular walls and hard partiacles that grind soil before the soil passes into the intestine. |
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| Any structure , such as a leg or an antenns, that grows out of the body of an animal |
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| Structures that are used for sensing, walking, feeding, and mating/. |
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| Shedding of the old exoskeleton |
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| Branching networks of hollow air passages thata carry air throughout the body. |
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| Openings on the thorax and abdomen where air enters and leaves the tracheal tubes. |
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| Where arthropods excrete wastes . They are located in the abdomen rather than in each segment. They empty into the intestine. |
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| A form of asexual reproduction in which a new individual develops from an unfertilized egg. |
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| Contains spiders, scorpions, mites, and ticks. |
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| A second pair of appendages that are adapted for handling food and for sensing. |
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| The only arthropods that have 2 pairs of antennae for sensing. |
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| Contains centipedes and millipedes. |
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| Are carnivorous and eat soil arthropods snails, slugs, and worms. They move on tiny jointed legs. |
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| Eats mostly plants and dead material on damp forest floors. They do not bite, but can spray obnoxiou-smelling fluids from their stink glands. |
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| The largest group of arthropods. They include flies, grasshoppers, lice, butterflies, bees, and beetles. |
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Definition
Complete: egg, larva, pupa, adult
Incomplete: egg, nymph, adult |
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| A round, muiscular structure that works something like the bulb of a dropper. |
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| A sievelike, disk-shaped opening on the upper surface of an echinoderm's body where water enters and leaves out of a sea star. |
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| Replacement or regrowth of missing body parts by mitosis. |
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| Brittle stars and 1 of the classes of Echimoderms |
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| sand dollars, sea urchins |
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| Sea lilies and feather stars |
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| gill slits, notocord, dorsal nerve cord |
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| Fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals |
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| Lampreys and hagfishes. They do not have jaws. |
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| Belongs to the class Agnatha. Do not have jaws and are voracious feeders. Attach themsleves by their suckerlike mouths. They use their sharp teeth to scrape away the flash and then suck out the prey's blood. |
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| Sharks, skates, and rays. Skeletons are made of cartilage. |
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| Bony fishes such as bluegill, trout, minnow, bass, swordfish, and tuna |
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| An animal in which the body temperature changes with the temperature of its surroundings. |
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| The place where the embryo's nitrogenous wastes are excreted. It is a membrane sac that is associated with the embryo's gut. |
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| A membrane filled with fluid that surrounds the developing embryo. |
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| An animal that maintains a constant body temperature that is not dependent on the environmental temperature. |
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| A state of reduced matabolism that occurs in animals living in conditions of intense heat. |
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| A state in which the body temperature drops substantially, oxygen consuption decreases, and breathing rates decline to a few breaths per minute. |
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| Teeth that are shaped to match the types of jobs they do. |
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| A mammal in which the young have a short period of development within the mother's body, followed by a second period of development inside a pouch made of skin and hair found on the outside of the mother's body. |
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| The time during which placental mammals develop inside the uterus. |
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| A mammal that reproduces by laying eggs. |
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| The only mammals that fly. Includes the fruit bat. |
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| Mammals that include the anteater and sloth and armadillo. |
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| Includes the rabbit, pikas, and hares. |
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| Includes porcupines, beavers, and chipmunks, rats and mice. |
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| Includes the dolphin, porpoises, and whales. |
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| Includes the manatees and dugongs. They are slow-moving. |
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