Term
| An organism has a cell membrane but no nucleus. What type of organism is it? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction? |
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Definition
| It increases the chances of organisms adapting to changing environments. |
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Term
An example of a human trait that is controlled by more than one gene is
A. earlobe attachments
B. ABO blood type
C. eye color
D. all of the above |
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Definition
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Term
| The living things in an ecosystem depend on one another in many ways. What is the main reason that the number of plants in an ecosystem determines the number and variety of animals the ecosystem can support? |
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Definition
| Plants convert solar energy to chemical energy. |
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Term
| Why are there relatively few third-level consumers in most ecosystems? |
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Definition
| Energy is lost at each trophic level, so there is a limited amount of energy available to third-level consumers |
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Term
| The body system that exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and the blood is the |
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Definition
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Term
| The digestive system breaks down food into smaller, simpler molecules that cells can use. These molecules are made available to body cells by the |
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Definition
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Term
| Once proteins are produced, they generally move from the endoplasmic reticulum to the |
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Definition
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Term
Scientists are studying an enzyme that is involved int he breakdown of starch into simpler sugars. Which of the following is the LEAST likely to affect the activity of this enzyme?
A. Raising the temperature
B. increasing the concentration of starch
C. changing the ionic conditions
D. lowering the pH |
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Definition
| B. increasing the concentration of starch |
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Term
| Different gametes have different sets of chromosomes because homologous chromosomes are divided between gametes by |
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Definition
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Term
| A mutation is LEAST likely to affect the phenotype of an organism if the mutation |
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Definition
| does not affect the resulting protein |
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Term
| Scientists are studying how paramecia respond to different wavelengths of light. What experimental error is most likely unavoidable? |
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Definition
| genetic differences among the paramecia |
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Term
| Scientists are testing the effectiveness of a certain vaccine in preventing a viral infection in laboratory mice. The mice are randomly divided into two groups. One group is injected with the vaccine, and the other group is injected with water. What is the reason for injecting half of the mice with water? |
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Definition
| to serve as a control group that the vaccinated mice can be compared against |
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Term
| What is experimental error? |
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Definition
| It includes random error, such as natural variability among different organisms, and systematic error, such as incorrect measurement of a dependent variable or poorly calibrated instruments. |
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Term
| What is experimental error? |
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Definition
| It includes random error, such as natural variability among different organisms, and systematic error, such as incorrect measurement of a dependent variable or poorly calibrated instruments. |
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Term
| What is the best reason why constants are important science? |
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Definition
| They ensure that only one variable is being tested. |
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Term
| What is the role of a scientific model? |
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Definition
| to explain existing data and predict new data |
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Term
| Ecological succession involves the progression of an ecosystem that occurs |
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Definition
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Term
| The process of ecological succession begins after an ecosystem has been |
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Definition
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Term
| A scientist can best identify the stage of ecological succession that an ecosystem is in by analyzing |
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Definition
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Term
| After researchers complete experiments, they use statistics to analyze their results. If the results are statistically significant, this means that the |
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Definition
| results are not likely due to chance |
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Term
| Why do scientists share information about their research with one another? |
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Definition
| Biological systems are too complex to be understood by completing one experiment |
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Term
| One experiment cannot fully explain a natural system because the experiment tests.. |
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Definition
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Term
| Natural systems, such as streams, are very complex. What explains what is meant by a "complex system"? |
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Definition
| one that has many variables |
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Term
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Definition
| the study of the origin, history, and structure of the Earth. |
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Term
| Why is it important to read the original scientific journal article that is the source of a news report? |
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Definition
| to see if the report is accurate. |
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Term
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Definition
| An explanation for obervations |
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Term
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Definition
| A proposed answer to a question |
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Term
| What describes a condition that would cause a theory to be thrown out? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| specific region of DNA that codes for a particular protein |
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Term
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Definition
| any of the alternative forms of a gene that cocurs at a specific place on a choromosome |
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Term
| What is Law of Segregation? |
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Definition
Mendel's first law;
Organisms inherit two copies of genes, one from each parent
Organisms donate only one copy of each gene in their gametes because the genes separate during gamete formation |
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Term
| Law of Independent Assortment |
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Definition
Mendel's second law
Allele pairs separate from one another during gamete formation |
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Term
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Definition
| All of an organism's genetic material |
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Term
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Definition
Mendel's Third Exception
Many genes have more than two alleles
There are 3 different alleles for human ABO blood types. Any person can have two of the three possible alleles. |
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Term
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Definition
| substitutes one nucleotide for another |
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Term
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Definition
| adds or deletes a nucleotide in the DNA sequence |
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Term
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Definition
| Chromosome mutation; a piece of chromosome is lost |
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Term
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Definition
| Chromosome mutation; a piece of chromosome is switched |
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Term
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Definition
| Chromosome mutation; a piece of chromosome is doubled |
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Term
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Definition
| Chromosome mutation; part of a chromosome breaks off and attaches to another |
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Term
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Definition
| Trisomy 21, non-disjunction |
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Term
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Definition
| Monosomy of Sex Chromosomes, Non-disjunction |
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Term
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Definition
| Trisomy of the Sex chromosomes, non-disjunction |
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Term
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Definition
| change in allele frequencies due to chance alone, occurring most commonly in small populations. |
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Term
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Definition
| information that is compared with a set of ideal values and aids in maintaining homeostasis |
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Term
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Definition
| progressive wave of electric and chemical activity along a nerve fiber that stimulates or inhibits the action of a muscle, gland, or other nerve cell |
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Term
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Definition
| any inner neuron in the body |
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