In his Essay on the Principle of Population, Malthus said humans were the only population that could continue to grow in size indefinitely

False

Darwin observed that the plants and animals of the Galapagos Islands were the same as those on islands off the coast of Africa with similar environments.

False

Natural selection can cause the spread of an advantageous adaptation throughout a popluation

over time

True

The theory of evolution states that species

change over time

True

Punctuated gradualism refers to the hypothesis 

that evolution occurs only in short periods of time

False

The fossil record suggests that species have become

less complex over time

False

The human forelimb and the bat forelimb are 

homologous structures

True

When food is scarce, there is little

selective pressure on the beaks of finches

False

The accumulation of differences between species 

or populations is called convergence

False

Within populations, divergence leads to speciation

True

Darwin thought that the plants and animals of

the Galapagos Islands were similar to those of

the nearby coast of South America because 

Their ancestors had migrated from South America

to the Galapagos Islands

or

Other scientists in S America had written about similar species

Their ancestors had migrated from South America

to the Galapagos Islands

Darwin conducted much of his research on

the Hawaiian Islands

or 

the Galapagos Islands

the Galapagos Islands

Which of the following describes a population?

Dogwood trees in Middletown, Connecticut

or

roses and tulips in a garden

Dogwood trees in Middletown, Connecticut

Natural selection is the process by which

the age of selected fossils is calculated

or

organisms with traits well suited to their environment survive and reproduce at a greater rate than less well-adapted organisms in the same environment

organisms with traits well suited to their environment survive and reproduce at a greater rate than less well-adapted organisms in the same environment

Natural selection could NOT occur without

genetic variation in species

or

environmental changes

genetic variation in species

The process by which a species becomes better suited

to its environment is known as

adaptation

or 

selection

adaptation

According to Darwin, evolution occurs

because of natural selection

or

rapidly

because of natural selection

Organisms well suited to their environment

Reproduce at a greater rate than those less suited

to the same environment

or

Are always larger than organisms less suited

to that environment

Reproduce at a greater rate than those less suited

to the same environment

The major idea that Darwin presented in his book

The Origin of Species was that

elephants and bacteria changed constantly

or

species changed over time by natural selection

species changed over time by natural selection

The hypothesis that evolution occurs at a slow,

constant rate is known as

gradualism

or

slow motion

Gradualism

The hypothesis that evolution occurs at

an irregular rate throught geologic time is known as

punctuated equilibrium

or

punctuated evolution

punctuated equilibrium

Which of the following are examples of fossils?

footprints of human ancestors, insects trapped in tree sap, and animals buried in tar

or

All of the above 

All of the above

Which of the following is vestigial structure?

the human tailbone

or

the bill of a finch

the human tailbone

Homologous structures in organisms suggest

that the organisms

have a common ancestor

or

must have lived at different times

have a common ancestor

A human embryo exhibits all of the

following during development accept

fins

or

a coat of fine fur

a coat of fine fur

vestigial structures : macroevolution ::

homologous structures : common ancestry

or

common ancestry : fossils

homologous structures : common ancestry

Populations of the same species living in different places

have a half-life in relation to the size of the population

or

become increasingly different as each becomes

adapted to its own environment

become increasingly different as each becomes

adapted to its own environment

A change in the frequencey of a particular gene

in one direction in a population is a result of

natural selection

or

acquired variation

natural selection

The finches that Darwin studied differed in the shape

of their beaks.  According to Darwin, the finches probably

all had a common ancestor

or

were born with identical beaks

all had a common ancestor

Beak shape in finches is affected by

the color of the finch

or

the availability of food

the availability of food

In order to fit into their habitat, the Galapagos finches had

evolved

or

None of the above

Evolved

Populations of the same species that differ genetically

because they have adapted to different living conditions

are known as

selected populations

or

subspecies

Subspecies