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| 7 principles/processes of life |
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Definition
order- living cells are the basis of complex organization.
reproduction-organisims reproduce their own kind.
growth and develpment-inherited information in the form of DNA controls the pattern of growth and deveolpment of all organisms
energy processing-when a bear eats it will use chemical energy stored in the fish to power its own activities and chemical reactions.
response to the environment-all organisms resond to environmental stimuli.
regulation-many types of mechanisms regulate an organisms internal environment, keeping it within limits to sustain life.
evolutionary adaptation- adaptations evolve over generations as individuals with traits best suited to their environments have greater reproductive success and pass their traits to offspring. |
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| total number a particular species living in an area. |
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| circ. syst. nervous system, consists of several organs that cooperate in a specific function. |
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| made up of several diffrent tissues, each made from a group of similar cells that perform a specific function. |
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the fundamental unit of life.
special level in biological organization,at level where properties of life emerge(lowest level of structure that can perform all activities required for life.
ability of cells to give rise to new cells is basis for all reproduction and for growth and repair of multicellular organisms. |
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| a membrane enclosed structure that performs a specific function in a cell. |
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| a cluster of small chemical units called atoms held together by chemical bonds. |
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| one of the basic types of cells. prokaryotic cells were the first to evolve and were earths sole inhabitants for the first 1.5 billion years of life on earth.is much simpler and usually smaller of two cells. cells of microorganisms called bacteria are prokaryotic. |
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one of the two basic types of cells. evolved about 2.1 million years ago
plants, animals, fungi and protists are all composed of eukaryotic cells. is subdivided into functional compartments called organelles(includes nucleus, which houses cells DNA) |
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| goal of systems biology is to construct models for the dynamic behavior of whole systems based on studying the interactions among the parts. BS can range from the functioning of the biosphere to the molecular machinery of an organelle. |
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the producers that provide the food for atypical ecosystem.
CONSUMERS- of the ecosystem eat plants and other animals. |
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| (small animals, fungi,bacteria in soil that decomposes waste, and remains of dead organisms) act as recyclers, changing complex matter into simpler mineral nutrients that plants can absorb and use |
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| Dynamics of ecosystems two major processes |
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Definition
recycling of chemical nutrients-
flow of energy-
Chemical energy (orange arrow) is then passed
through a series of consumers and, eventually, decomposers,
powering each organism in turn. In the process of these energy
conversions between and within organisms, some energy is
converted to heat, which is then lost from the system (red
arrow). In contrast to chemical nutrients, which recycle within
an ecosystem, energy flows through an ecosystem, entering as
light and exiting as heat. |
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| four bsic chemicals neccessary for life |
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Definition
| carbon dioxide, oxygen, water, and various minerals. |
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| units of inheritance that transmit information from parents to offspring. are grouped into very long DNA molecules called chromosomes, and also control the activity of a cell. |
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| branch of biology that names and classifies species, arranges species into a hierarchy of broader and broader groups from genus, family, order, class, and phylium, to kingdom. |
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bacteria, archerea, and eukarya.
both Bacteria, and archerea both consist of prokaryotes..most prokaryotes are single celled and microscopic.
bacteria are the most diverse and widespread of prokaryotes..(rod shaped cells)
Archea lives in earths extreme environments (salty lakes and boiling hot springs. (round structures)
Eukarya cells have nucleus and other internal structures called organelles. |
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Kingdom plantae-consists of plants, which produce their own food by photosynthesis.
Kingdom fungi-members mostly decompose the remains of dead organisms and organic wastes and absorbs the nutrients into their cells.
Kingdom animalia- animals obtain food by ingestion (eating other organisms.) |
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| Charles Darwins "The Order of Species" two main points |
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Definition
evolution-that species living today are descendents of ancestral species.
Natural selection-part one-individuals in a population vary in their traits, many which are passed on from parents to offspring. (part 2) A population can produce far more offspring than the environment can support. |
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| latin for "to know" involves the process of inquiry involves making observations,forming hypotheses and testing predictions. |
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| Recorded data and observations are the data of science |
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| some data quantitative - numerical measurements other data may be descriptive or Qualitive. |
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| kind of reasoning derives generalizations from a large number of specific observations. |
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| is a proposed explanation for a set of observations |
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| the type of logic to come up with ways to test hypotheses, the logic flows from general premises to the specific results we should expect if the premises are true. |
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| suppported by a large and growing body of evidence. |
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| mimicry should help protect kings snakes from predators, abut only in regions where coral snakes also live. |
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| goal of technology is to apply scientific knowledge for some specific purpose. |
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