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All living things are composed of cells.
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things.
New cells are produced from existing cells |
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| contain nucleus in which their genetic material is separated from the rest of the cell. |
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| have genetic material that isn't contained in a nucleus. |
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| a large membrane-enclosed structure that contains the cell's genetic material in the from of DNA. Controls the cell's activities. |
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| little organs inside a cell |
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| the portion of the cell outside the nucleus. |
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| Surrounds the nucleus and has nuclear pores, which allow material to move in and out. Proteins, RNA and other things move in and out. |
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| granular material in the nucleus. consists of DNA bound to protein. Condenses to form chromosomes. |
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| Threadlike structures that contain genetic material that is passed from one generation to the next. |
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| Small dense region in the nucleus where the assembly of ribosomes begins. |
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| Proteins are assembled on ribosomes. Small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm. |
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| the site where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled, along with proteins and other materials that are exported from the cell. |
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| modifies, sorts, and packages, proteins and other materials from the ER for storage in the cell or secretion outside the cell. |
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| small organelles filled with enzymes. Digests (breaks down) lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins into small molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell. |
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| saclike structures that store materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates. |
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| organelles that convert the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use. |
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| organelles that capture the energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis. |
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| a network of protein filaments that helps the cell to maintain it's shape. The cytoskeleton is also involved in movement. |
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| located near the nucleus and help to organize cell division. Not in plant cells. |
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| a thin, flexible barrier that surrounds all cells. Regulates what enters and leaves the cell and provides protection and support. |
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| A strong supporting layer around the membrane. provides support and protection for the cell. |
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| A double-layered sheet that is the composition of nearly all cell membranes. |
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| the mass of solute in a given volume of solution, or mass/volume. |
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| Particles move from an area of more concentration to one of less concentration. Doesn't require energy. |
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| When the concentration of the solute is the same throughout a system |
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| the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane. |
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| movement of specific molecules across cell membranes through protein channels. |
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| energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration difference. |
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| process by which a cell takes material into the cell by infolding of the cell membrane. |
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| process in which extensions of cytoplasm surround and engulf large particles and take them into the cell. |
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| process by which a cell takes in liquid from the surrounding environment. |
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| process by which a cell releases large amounts of material |
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| cells throughout an organism can develop in different ways to perform different tasks. |
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| Levels of Organization in a multicellular organism |
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| cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems |
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| A group of similiar cells that perform a particular function. |
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| Many groups of tissues work together as an organ. |
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| A group of organs that work together to perform a specific function. |
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