Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| photosynthesis is a ____ process |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anabolic because need energy to make food |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| catabolic because break down nutrients |
|
|
Term
| 4 energy carriers used in metabolism: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. adenine (nitrogenous base)
2. ribose (sugar)
3. 3 weak phosphate groups |
|
|
Term
| energy of atp is stored in |
|
Definition
| covalent bonds attaching phosphate groups (high energy bonds) |
|
|
Term
| __ kcal of energy per mole of atp |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| NAD+ NADP+ and FAD store energy in the form of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| NAD+ NADP+ and FAD are ___ during catabolic processes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| NAD+ NADP+ and FAD other forms are _____ during anabolic processes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| NAD+ NADP+ and FAD's reduced forms |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| glucose catabolism occurs in two stages: |
|
Definition
| 1. glycolysis 2. cellular respiration |
|
|
Term
| after glycolysis we have ____ ATP and ___ ____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| substrate level phosphorylation |
|
Definition
| results in the formation of ATP by direct transfer of a phosphate group to ADP WITHOUT participate of an intermediate molecule |
|
|
Term
| pyruvate is reduced during the process of fermentation in ___ conditions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pyruvate is further oxidized during cell respiration in the mitochondria in ___ conditions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reduces pyruvate into ethanol or lactic acid |
|
|
Term
| fermentation produces ___ ATP per glucose molecule |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| alcohol fermentation occurs in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| lactic acid fermentation occurs in |
|
Definition
| certain fungi and bacteria, human muscle cells |
|
|
Term
| most efficient catabolic pathway to get energy stored in glucose |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 stages of cellular respiration: |
|
Definition
| 1. pyruvate decarboxylation 2. citric acid cycle 3. electron transport chain |
|
|
Term
| pyruvate decarboxylation occurs in the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pyruvate decarboxylation produces _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| citric acid cycle occurs in |
|
Definition
| the matrix of the mitochondria |
|
|
Term
| another name for the citric acid cycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the citric acid cycle is linked to glycolysis by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| oxidative phosphorylation occurs in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| citric acid cycle produces |
|
Definition
| 6 NADH, 2 FADH2, and 2 ATP |
|
|
Term
| the single greatest direct source of ATP |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| electron transport chain occurs in the |
|
Definition
| inner mitochondrial membrane |
|
|
Term
| __ is the final electron acceptor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 3 (except for NADH from cytoplasm gives only 2) |
|
|
Term
| FADH2 gives how many ATP? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| coupling of the oxidation of NADH with the phosphorylation of ADP is called |
|
Definition
| oxidative phosphorylation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fermentation occurs in the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pyruvate transforms into ___ during pyruvate decarboxylation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in an anaerboic environments eukaryotic cells can generate only __ net ATP |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in aerobic environments eukaryotic cells can generate __ net ATP |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| glycolysis gives you ___ net ATP |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pyruvate decarboxylation gives you __ net ATP |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| citric acid cycle gives you __ net ATP |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| disaccharides are hydrolyzed into |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| glucose, other carbs, fats, proteins |
|
|
Term
| fat is stored in ___ ___ in the form of ______ |
|
Definition
| adipose tissue; triglyceride |
|
|
Term
| ___ is hte storage polymer of glucose |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| substrate level phosphorylation gives ___ ATP per one glucose |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| metabolic end product of anaerobic metabolism |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fatty acids are broken down and used during |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fermentation begins with glycolysis and ends with the conversion of pyruvate to ___ or ___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| limits the rate of oxidative phosphorylation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| prime end product of photosynethesis--used as food or stored as insoluble poly sacc such as starch |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| steroids, waxes, carotenoids |
|
|
