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| the smallest particle of an element that displays its properties |
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| combined weight of protons and neutrons in an atom |
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| the number of protons in an atom |
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| forms of an element having the same atomic number but different atomic weight due to a different number of neutrons |
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| volume of space around a nucleus where electrons can be found most of the time |
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| a chemical substance having two or more different elements in fixed ratio |
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| a unit of a chemical substance formed by the union of two or more atoms by a covalent bonding |
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| an attraction between charged particles(ions) through their opposite charge that involves a transfer of electrons from one atom to another |
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| a chemical bond in which the atoms share electrons |
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| a bond in which the sharing of electrons between atoms is unequal |
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| a weak bond that arises between a partially positive hydrogen and a partially negative oxygen, often on different molecules or separated by some distance |
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| a chemical reaction that results in removal of one or more electrons from an atom, ion, or compound; oxidation of one substance occurs simultaneously with reduction of another |
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| a chemical reaction that results in addition of one or more electrons to an atom, ion, or compound. Reduction of one substance occurs simultaneously with oxidation of another |
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| a compound tending to yield hydrogen ions in a solution and to lower its pH numerically |
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| a compound tending to lower the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution and raise its pH numerically |
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| measurement scale for the relative concentrations of hydrogen(H+) and hydroxyl(OH-) ions in a solution |
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| a substance or group of substances that tend to resist pH changes in a solution, thus stabilizing its relative acidity |
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