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Biology Chapter 16 Vocab
Exploring Life Biology Chapter 16 - Prokayotes and Viruses
15
Biology
9th Grade
02/28/2011

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Term
Stromatolite:
Definition
Dome-shaped rock composed of thin layers of sediment pressed tightly together
Term
Archaea:
Definition
Domain of prokaryotic organisms that are biochemically and genetically destinct from bacteria
Term
Bacteria:
Definition
Domain of prokaryotic organisms that are biochemically and genetically distinct from archaea
Term
Coccus:
Definition
A shperical bacterium
Term
Bacillus:
Definition
A rod-shaped bacterium
Term
Spirochete:
Definition
Member of a group of a group of large spiral-shaped bacteria
Term
Binary Fission:
Definition
Mode of prokaryote asexual reproduction in which each daughter cell receives an identical copy of the parent cell's chromosome
Term
Endospore:
Definition
Dormant cell formed by certain bacteria that can survive very harsh conditions
Term
Cyanobacteria
Definition
Group of prokayotes that generate oxygen as a waste product of their photosynthesis
Term
Bioremediation:
Definition
Use of organisms to remove pollutants from air, water, and soil
Term
Pathogen:
Definition
A disease-causing organism or virus
Term
Lytic Cycle:
Definition
A viral reproductive cycle in which copies of a virus are made within a host cell, which then bursts open, releasing nex viruses
Term
Lysogenic Cycle:
Definition
A viral reproductive cycle in which the viral DNA is added to the host cell's DNA and is copied along with the rest of the host cell's DNA
Term
Retrovirus:
Definition
Member of a group of viruses such as HIV that carry reverse transcriptase, which catalyzes the synthesis of DNA from and RNA template
Term
Vaccine:
Definition
Dose of a disabled or destroyed pathogen (or part of a pathogen) used to simulate a long-term immune defensse against the pathogen
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