Term
| What is the definition of a lipid? |
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Definition
| Non-polar molecules that include fats, oil and cholesterol. Organic molecules that are insoluble |
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Term
| Fats and oil contain a molecule called ... |
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Definition
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Term
| What are fatty acids made of? |
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Definition
| Chains of carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms |
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Term
| What is the difference between a saturated fatty acid and a unsaturated fatty acid? |
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Definition
| Unsaturated fats have at least one carbon double bond, and therefor, are not saturated with hydrogen |
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Term
| Which fatty acid is a liquid and which one is a solid? Why? |
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Definition
| Unsaturated fatty acids are liquids because the double bonds make kinks in the fatty acids, therefor making it a liquid. |
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Term
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Definition
| A polymer made up of many many monomers called amino acids. |
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Term
| What is an Amino Acid made of? |
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Definition
| It is made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfer. |
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Term
| What are nucleic acids made up of? |
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Definition
| They are made up of monomers called nucleotides |
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Term
| What are all cell membranes mostly made up of? |
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Definition
| A lipid called a Phospholipid. |
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Term
| What structure does the lipid "cholesterol" have? |
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Definition
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Term
| Through peptide bonds, amino acids are linked into chains called ... |
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Definition
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Term
| What 3 parts are the same in every amino acid? |
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Definition
| A hydrogen atom, an amino group, and a carboxyl group. |
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Term
| What is the molecule at the head of a phospholipid? |
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Definition
| A phosphate group, (PO4-) |
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Term
| What is the chemical formula for a carboxyl group? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the chemical structure of an Amino Group? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 2 general types of nucleic acids? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of a nucleic acid? |
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Definition
| They work together to create proteins. |
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Term
| How many amino acids do organisms use to build proteins? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many different Amino Acids can your body make? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do proteins differ from each other? |
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Definition
| By the number and order of amino acids. |
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Term
| Which Atoms can form covalent bonds that force the protein to bend into a certain shape? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many kinds of polypeptides are there? |
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Definition
| There are 4 kinds of Polypeptides. |
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Term
| Each of the 4 polypeptides contains a _______ atom that to an Oxygen molecule. What is it? |
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Definition
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Term
| If a protein has incorrect amino acids, how would it change the structure? |
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Definition
| The structure may change in a way that prevents the protein from working properly. |
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Term
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Definition
| Phospholipid, fat, cholesterol |
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Term
| What are 3 advantages of fat? |
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Definition
| 1.) Stores energy, 2.) Insulates body tissue, 3.) Cushions and protects organs |
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Term
| What and how many things are attached to the glycerol molecule of fat? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do mono and polyunsaturated fats differ? |
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Definition
| Mono only has one double carbon bond, while poly has many |
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Term
| Phospholipids make up which part of a cell? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many layers of phospholipids make up the cell membrane |
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Definition
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Term
| How many carbon rings does cholesterol have? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| glucose, fructose, glactose |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Isomers have the same composition but a different arrangement of their atoms and have different properties. |
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Term
| Three examples of disaccharides |
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Definition
| sucrose, maltose, lactose |
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Term
| The common name for sucrose is? |
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Definition
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Term
| Sucrose is a disaccharide made of which two monosaccarides? |
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Definition
| Glucose + fructose = Sucrose + water |
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Term
| Lactose is a disaccharide made of which two monosaccarides? |
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Definition
| Glucose + galactose = lactose + water |
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Term
| The sugar in milk is called? |
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Definition
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Term
| The scientific name for malt sugar is? |
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Definition
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Term
| Maltose is a disaccharide made of which two monosaccarides? |
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Definition
| Glucose + glucose = maltose + water |
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Term
| Name 3 examples of polysaccharides |
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Definition
| Starch, Glycogen, Cellulose |
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Term
| Which ploysaccharide is used in the formation of plant's cell walls? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which polysaccharide is converted into glucose when blood sugar levels drop? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which polysaccharide is created from glucose as a way plants store energy? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name 4 types of proteins. |
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Definition
| Enzymes, blood proteins, antibodies, hemoglobin |
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Term
| List 4 ways that a protein may be denatured |
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Definition
| High temperature, wrong ph, radiation, chemicals |
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Term
| What defines a complete protein? Where is that from? |
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Definition
| Complete uses all 20 amino acids and comes from animals |
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Term
| What gives a protein it's shape? |
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Definition
| The interaction of the amino acids |
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Term
| What is the 3 part structure of a Nucleotide? |
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Definition
Sugar, phosphate and nitrogen base
[image] |
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Term
| What monomers come together to make a Nucleic acid? |
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Definition
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Term
| What base pairs with Adenine? |
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Definition
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Term
| What base pairs with Cytosine? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Section of DNA that codes for a protein |
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Term
| What determines which protein is created |
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Definition
| Arrangement of amino acids |
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Term
| What is another name for enzymes? |
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Definition
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Term
| The specific reactants that enzymes react with are called? |
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Definition
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Term
| An enzyme that breaks down starch (in your saliva) is called ... |
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Definition
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Term
| Besides Enzymes, what is another catalyst that will speed up processes. |
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Definition
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Term
| Besides enzymes what other catalyst will speed up chemical processes. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an example of a exothermic reaction |
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Definition
| 6O2 + C6H12O6 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O |
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Term
| What does "polar" Molecule mean? |
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Definition
| It has a magnetic charge. |
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Term
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Definition
| That the molecules will stick to itself. |
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Term
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Definition
| Molecules will stick to other things. |
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Term
| With water and salt, what is the solvent and what is the solute. |
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Definition
| Water would be the solvent, and the salt would be the solute. |
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Term
| What is the main function of an enzyme |
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Definition
| To speed up chemical reactions. |
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Term
| Cholesterol gives the cell membrane... |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the properties of water? |
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Definition
| Cohesion, adhesion, high specific heat, and can form solutions. |
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Term
| What does high specific heat mean? |
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Definition
| Requires a lot of energy to increase the temperature. |
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Term
| Exothermic reactions have which bond energies lower? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The substances that react in a chemical reaction. They are used up in a chemical reaction. |
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Term
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Definition
| The substances that are created during a chemical reaction |
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Term
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Definition
| When reactants and products are made at the same rate |
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Term
| What is the formula for Carbonic Acid? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where will you find the highest concentration of H2CO3? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the formula for the chemical reaction with water and carbonic acid? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the formula for cellular respiration? |
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Definition
| 6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O |
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