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Biology AP
Ch. 4 Carbon & the Molecular Diversity of Life
11
Biology
12th Grade
09/23/2007

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Term
Organic Chemistry
Definition
branch that specializes in the study of carbon compounds; Ex: CH4 and Proteins
Term
Vitalism
Definition
the belief in a life force outside the jurisdiction of physical & chemical laws
Term
Mechanism
Definition
the view that all natural phenomena, including the processes of life, are governed by physical and chemical laws
Term
Hydrocarbons
Definition
organic molecules consisting only of carbon and hydrogen; atoms of hydrogen are attached to the carbon skeleton wherever electrons are available for covalent bonding
Term
Isomers
Definition
compounds that have the same # of atoms of the same elements butt different structures & hence different properties
Term
Structural Isomers
Definition
One of several organic compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in the covalent arrangements of their atoms
Term
Geometric Isomers
Definition
Differs in the spatial arrangements of their atoms
Term
Enantimoers
Definition
molecules that are mirror images of each other
Term
Asymmetric Carbon
Definition
the middle carbon has four diferent atoms or groups of atoms attached to it
Term
Functional Groups
Definition
A specific configuration of atoms commonly attached to the carbon skeletons of organic molecules & usually involved in chemical reactions
Term
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
Definition
Releases free energy when its phosphate bonds are hydrolyzed; this energy is used to drive endergonic reactions in cells
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