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| opposite ends of the molecule have opposite charges |
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| the binding together of like molecules,usually by hydrogen bonds; contributes to the transport of water and dissolved nutrients against gravity in plants |
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| the clinging of 1 substance to another; water on the walls of the cells help counter the downward pull of gravity |
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| a measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid; water has a greater surface tension than most other liquids |
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| the energy of motion; the faster a molecule moves, the greater its energy |
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| measure of the total amount of kinetic energy due to molecular motion in a body of matter |
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| measures the intensity of heat due to the average kinetic energy of the molecules; whenever 2 objects of different temp. are brought together, heat passes from the warmer to the cooler object until the 2 are the same temp. |
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| the amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1 g of that substance to change its temperature by 1 C |
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| the quantity of heat a liquid must absorb for 1 g of it to be converted from the liquid to the gaseous state |
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| the property of a liquid whereby the surface becomes cooler during evaporation, owing to a loss of highly kinetic molecules to the gaseous state |
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| a liquid that is a completely homogeneous mixture of 2 or more substances; aqueous solution is one in which water is the solvent |
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| the diss olving agent of a solution |
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| the substance that is dissolved |
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| the sphere of water molecules around each dissolved ion |
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| a mixture made up of a liquid and particles that (because of their large size) remain suspended in that liquid |
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| the sum of the masses of all the atoms in a molecule |
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| the # of grams of a substance that equals its molecular weight in daltons and contains Avogadro's # (6.02 X 10^23) of molecules |
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| the # of molecules of solute per liter of solution; the unit of concentration most often used by biologists for aqueous solutions |
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| a substance that increased the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution |
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| a substance that reduces the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution |
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| a measure of hydrogen ion concentration equal to -log[H+] and ranging in value from 0-14 |
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| a substance that consists of acid and base forms in a solution and that minimizes changes in pH when extraneous acids or bases are added to the solution |
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| Rain, snow, or fog that is more acidic than pH 5.6; often results from a reaction in the air between water vapor & sulfur oxides & nitrogen oxides produced by combustion of fossil fuels |
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| the amount of heat it takes to raise the temp. of 1 g of water by 1 C |
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