Term
| What Do All Living Things Share? |
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Definition
| All organism contain a common set of biological molecules, are composed of cells, and can maintain homeostatis. Living Organisms can evolve. They all also rely on water. |
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Term
| What are the key properties of water? |
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Definition
High cohesion (sticks togather, can pull itself up)
High Specific heat
Ice Floats
Is a universal solvent
Water is polar (different regions of the molecule have different charages) |
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Term
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Definition
| Water is polar because oxygen is more attractive to electrons then most atoms. As a result more electrons circle around the oxygen atom. |
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Definition
| Carbon has the ability to create bonds with up to four outher elements |
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Term
| What are the macromolecules found in every living thing? |
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Definition
| Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids |
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Definition
| Simplest ones formed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. |
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Term
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Definition
| Proteins are used in a wide variety of processes. They are made of Amino acids, of which there are 20 of them. All proteins and Amino Acids have a nitrogen that is part of an amino. All proteins have a uniquie shape. |
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Definition
| A type of protein that helps regulare chemical reactions that build up and break down molecules inside cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| Partially or entirely hydrophobic organic molecules made primarily of hydrocarbons. Lipids include fats, steroids, and phospholipids. |
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Definition
| Structure is a 3-carbon glycerol molecule with up to 3 long hydrocarbon chains attached to it. Can be burned to produce energy. Long hydrocarbon chains are called fatty acid. hydrophobic. |
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Definition
| Composed of 4 fused carbon-containing rings. Cholesterol is an example of a steroid. |
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Definition
| similar to fats except only 2 fatty acid trails. |
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Term
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Definition
| Composed of long strings of monomers called nucleotides. Two types of classes for nucleotides: Ribonucleic acid and Deoxyribonucleic acid. |
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Definition
| Helps cells synthesize proteins |
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Definition
| Serves as the primary storage of genetic information in nearly all living organisms |
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Term
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Definition
| Atoms-Molecules-Organelles-Cells-Tissues-Organs-Organ Systems-Organism-Population-Community-Ecosystem-Biosphere |
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Term
| Prokaryotic Vs. Eukaryotic Cells |
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Definition
Prokaryotic: No Nucleus, No membrane bound organelles, Small
Eukaryotic: Has a nucleus, Has membrane bound organelles, Larger |
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Term
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Definition
| Made of Phospholipids, controls entry/exit of substances to/from cell. Filled with cytoplasm |
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Definition
| Surronded by nuclear membrane, contains chromosomes. Where ribosomes are produced. |
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Definition
| A membrane-enclosed sack that holds digestive enzymes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Energy producing organelles. They convert food into ATP, which the cells can then use for energy. |
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Term
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Definition
| contain chlorophyll and convert carbon dioxide and water into sugar. Only found in plants. Made of an outer membrane, and inner membrane, stroma, thylakoids, granum (thylakoids stacked on top of one another). |
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Definition
| Found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Proteins are assembled here. |
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Definition
| Sorting center for proteins. Found only in eukaryotic cells. ER's with ribosomes attached are called rough ER's. Called a smooth ER if no ribosomes are attached. |
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Definition
| Delivers proteins to appropiate parts of the cell. Fuses with ER. |
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Definition
| They help sperate chromosomes during cell division |
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Definition
| helps maintain the cell shape. Made of protein fibers. They also help cells move. |
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Term
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Definition
| Help maintain pressure. Found in fungi, plants, and bacteria. |
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Definition
| Stores food or waste as well as maintains cell pressure. Not in animal cells |
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Definition
| nutrients required in large amounts. Include water, carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. |
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Term
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Definition
| multisubunit sugars are composed of many different branching chains of sugar monomers. Found in vegtables, breads, legumes, and pasta. |
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Definition
| Amino acids your body cannot synthesize and must be supplied by the foods one eats. More likely to be complete if eaten through meat and not plants. |
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Definition
| When a fatty acid is bound to as many hydrogens as possible |
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Term
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Definition
| fat has carbon to carbon double bonds |
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Term
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Definition
| Trans fats are straight-chain saturated fats with fatty acids in a trans form. |
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Term
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Definition
| essential in minute amounts. Neither destroed by the body during use nor burned for energy. |
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Term
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Definition
| coenzymes (help the enzyme) |
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