Term
| Arthropoda, includes what? |
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Definition
| Insects, chelicerates (spiders/mites), crustaceans, and myriapods (milli/centipedes) |
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Term
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Definition
| • Mollusca comprises snails, clams, chitons, and cephalopods (octopuses/squid) |
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Term
| Most diverse phyla of protostomes? |
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Definition
| Arthropoda, over 10 million species, and over 93,000 mollusks have been named thus far |
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Term
| how many phyla of protostomes |
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Definition
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Term
| What wedges on figure 33.1 on page 624 are small and not protostomes? |
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Definition
| Chordata, Cnidaria, Echinodermata, Porifera, and "Other invertebrates" |
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Term
| There are two major groups of bilaterally symmetric, triploblastic, coelomate animals: what are they? |
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Definition
| The protostomes and deuterostomes |
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Term
| when gastrulation occurs in protostomes, the initial pore that forms in the embryo becomes what? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does a coelom (if it forms) form in a protostome? |
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Definition
| Forms later in development after mouth pore, forming from opening that arise within blocks of mesodermal tissue |
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Term
| Two major subgroups within protostomes that are monophyletic... what are they? |
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Definition
| The Lophotrochozoa and Ecdysozoa |
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Term
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Definition
| A specialized feeding structure found in SOME lophotrochozoans and used in filter feeding |
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Term
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Definition
| A larva with a ring of cilia around its middle that is found in some lophotrochozoans |
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Term
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Definition
| A major lineage of protostomes that grow by shedding their external skeletons (molting) and expanding their bodies. Includes arthropods, insects, crustaceans, nematodes, and centipedes. Compare with Lophotrochozoans |
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Term
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Definition
| A major lineage of protostomes that grow by extending the size of their skeletons rather than by molting. Many phyla have a specialized feeding structure lophophore and/or ciliated larvae (trocophore). Includes rotifers, flatworms, segmented worms, and mollusks. Compare with ecdysozoans |
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Term
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Definition
| A method of body growth, used by ecdysozoans, that involves the shedding of an external protective cuticle or skeleton, expansion of the soft body, and growth of a new external layer |
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Term
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Definition
| Exoskeleton is a hard covering secreted on the outside of the body, used for body support. Examples are the shell of mollusks and the outer covering (cuticle) of arthropods. Exoskeletons are HARD, cuticle is not |
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Term
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Definition
| A body cavity, present in arthropods and some mollusks, containing a pool of circulatory fluid (hemolymph) bathing the internal organs. |
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Term
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Definition
| One of the three main parts of the mollusk body; a muscular appendage, used for movement and /or burrowing into sediment |
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Term
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Definition
| One of the three main parts of the mollusk body; contains most of the internal organs and external gill |
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Term
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Definition
| One of the three main parts of the mollusk body; the thick outer tissue that protects the visceral mass and may secrete a calcium carbonate shell |
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Term
| Annelids (segmented worms) |
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Definition
| Members of the phylum Annelida. Distinguished by a segmented body and a coelom that is a hydrostatic skeleton. Annelids belong to the LOPHOTROCHOZOAN branch of protostomes |
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Term
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Definition
| They burrow into the substrate and act as sit and wait predators. When a polychaete (Annelida) or other prey item approaches, the priapulid everts its toothed, cuticle-line throat and grabs the prey |
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Term
| Nemerteans (ribbon worms) |
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Definition
| Active predators that move around the ocean floor looking for food. Instead of everting throat, they have a proboscis that can extend or retract. They spear small animals with it or wrap it around prey, pulling the food into their mouth. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any heritable trait that increases the fitness(reproductive success) of an individual with that trait, compared with individuals without that trait, in a particular environment |
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Term
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Definition
| A tubelike appendage of many mollusks, that is often used for feeding or propulsion |
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Term
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Definition
| Development of offspring from unfertilized eggs; a type of asexual reproduction |
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Term
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Definition
| A lineage of mollusks that have two shells, such as clams and mussels |
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Term
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Definition
| A lineage of mollusk distinguished by a large muscular foot and a unique feeding structure, the radula. Include slugs and snails |
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Term
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Definition
| A lineage of marine mollusks that have a protective shell formed of eight calcium carbonate plates |
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Term
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Definition
| A lineage of mollusks including the squid, octopuses, and nautiluses. Distinguished by large brains, excellent vision, tentacles, and a reduced or absent shell |
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Term
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Definition
| Members of the phylum Platyhelminthes. Flatworms belong to the lophotrochozoan branch of the protostomes. Distinguished by a broad, flat, unsegmented body that lacks a coelom. |
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Term
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Definition
| The host species in which a parasite reproduces sexually. |
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Term
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Definition
| The host species in which a parasite reproduces asexually. |
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Term
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Definition
| Members of the phylum Annelida (segmented worms). Distinguished by a segmented body and a coelom that is a hydrostatic skeleton. Annelids belong to the lophotrochozoan branch of the protostomes |
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Term
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Definition
| Bristle like extensions found in some annelids |
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Term
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Definition
| Appendages found in some annelids from which bristle like structures called chaetae extend |
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Term
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Definition
| A rasping feeding appendage in gastropods (snails, slugs) |
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Term
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Definition
| A long, thin, muscular appendage of gastropod mollusks |
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Term
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Definition
| A structure that exerts biting forces and is associated with the mouth; found in birds, cephalopods (squid, octupuses), and some insects |
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Term
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Definition
| A gelatinous package of sperm cells that is produced by males of species that have internal fertilization without copulation |
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Term
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Definition
| An organism whose diet consists mainly of dead organic matter (detritus). Various bacteria, fungi, and protists are detritivores. Also called decomposers. |
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Term
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Definition
| Members of the phylum Arthropoda. Distinguished by a segmented body; a hard jointed exoskeleton; paired appendages; and an extensive body cavity called a hemocoel. Arthropods belong to the ecdysozoan branch of the protostomes. |
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Term
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Definition
| An eye formed of many independent light-sensing columns (ommatidia); occurs in arthropods. Compare with simple eye. |
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Term
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Definition
| An eye with only one light-collecting apparatus (eg one lens), as in vertebrates. Compare with compound eye |
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Term
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Definition
| Long appendage that is used to touch or smell |
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Term
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Definition
| Members of the phylum Nematoda. Distinguished by an unsegmented body with a pseudocoelom and no appendages. Roundworms belong to the ecdysozoan branch of the protostomes. Also called nematodes |
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Term
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Definition
| A lineage of arthropods (belong to the ecdysozoan branch of protostomes) with long segmented trunks, each segment bearing one or two pairs of legs. Includes millipedes and centipedes |
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Term
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Definition
| Within Ecdysozoan major subgroup of protostomes and are arthropods. The phyla is callled Insecta. |
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Term
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Definition
| Thorax is a region of the body in insects it is one of the three prominent body regions called tagmata, as is the abdomen. |
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Term
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Definition
| A pair of clawlike appendages found around the mouth of certain arthropods called chelicerates (spiders, mites, and allies) |
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Term
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Definition
| In crustaceans, a large platelike section of the exoskeleton that covers and protects the cephalothorax (eg a crabs shell) |
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Term
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Definition
| Any mouthpart used in chewing. In vertebrates, the lower jaw. In insects, crustaceans, and myriapods, the first pair of mouthparts. |
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Term
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Definition
| A lineage of arthropods that includes shrimp, lobster, and crabs. Many have a carapace (a platelike portion of the exoskeleton) and mandibles for biting or chewing. |
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Term
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Definition
| A distinct planktonic larval stage seen in many crustaceans |
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Term
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Definition
| A lineage of mollusk distinguished by a large muscular foot and a unique feeding structure, the radula. Include slugs and snails |
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Term
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Definition
| arthropods (spiders, mites, and allies) that have a pair of clawlike appendages called chelicerae |
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Term
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Definition
| arthropods (spiders, mites, and allies) that have a pair of clawlike appendages called chelicerae |
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Term
| What 2 phyla of protostomes are the largest? |
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Definition
| The Arthropoda of Ecdysozoa major subgroup, and the Mollusca of the Lophotrochozoa major subgroup |
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Term
| In what protostome animals is the coelom missing or not fully functional? |
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Definition
| The coelom is absent in flatworms. Mollusks (lophotrochozoa) and Arthropods (ecdysozoa) have coeloms that are drastically reduced. |
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