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| the study of the structure of the human body. |
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| Gross anatomy is & 4 examples |
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the study of structure visible to the naked eye.
1. Observation. 2. Dissection. 3. X-rays. 4. MRI scans |
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| the study of internal structure, using X-rays and MRI scans, they provide a 2 dimensional image of a thin "slice" through the body. |
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| the study of one organ system at a time. |
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| Regional anatomy is & 2 examples |
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the study of multiple organ systems at once in a given region of the body.
Head, Chest |
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| the study of the microscopic structure of tissues and organs./ study of individual cells |
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| the study of the structure and function of individual cells |
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| refers to fine detail, down to the molecular level, revealed by the electron microscope. |
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| the study of more than one species |
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| simply looking at the body's appearance from the surface. |
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| means feeling a structure with the hands, such as palpating a swollen lymph node or taking a pulse. |
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| listening to the natural sound made by the body, such as heart and lung sounds. |
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| examiner taps on the body, feels for abnormal resistance, and listens to the emitted sound for signs of abnormalities such as pockets of fluid or air. |
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| the careful cutting and separation of tissues to reveal their relationships. |
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| external structure of the body important in a physical examination of a patient. |
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how many different types of cells?
how many cells in the human body? |
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Definition
250-300 different cells
4.5 trillion cells in the human body |
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| what is the average cell size? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
photographing internal structures with X-ray.
Only imaging method available until 1960.
X-rays penetrate soft tissues of the body and darken photographic film.
X-ray energy is absorbed by dense tissues such as bone and teeth
Disadvantages are X-ray radiation & damages cell DNA
Can cause cancer |
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Term
"Computed Tomography" CT SCAN(and examples)
aka
CT SCAN |
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Definition
formerly called CAT (computerized axial tomographic)scan, uses low-intensity x-rays and a computer.
useful for finding tumors, kidney stones, cerebral hemorrhages |
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Term
3,000 to 60,000 times as strong as the earths magnetic field is used.
hydrogen atoms absorb radiowave energy when the radio waves are turned off the energy release trom hydrogen atoms is used to produce an image of the body.
no harmful effects
images of nervous tissue are white vs grey matter |
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Definition
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
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Term
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Definition
| Proteins, Carbohydrates, Lipids, nucleic acid |
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used to access the metabolic state of a tissue and to distinguish which tissues are most active at a given moment.
radioactive glucose injected, energy from glucose + positron collide and give off gamma rays that can be detected by computer.
In cardiology a _ _ _ scan can show the extent of damaged heart tissue. |
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Definition
| PET // Positron Emission Tomography |
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second oldest & second most widely used method
high frequency ultrasound waves are produced against the skin and the signals reflected back from the internal organs are recorded
no harmful X-rays
no sharp image |
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Definition
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| Standing with palms facing forward is the standard reference. Location and orientation of structures are from the point of view of the subject |
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Definition
| divides the body or organ into right or left halfs |
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| divides into anterior and posterior |
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Definition
divides into superior and inferior portions
it is perpendicular to the long axis (frontal) |
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| Dorsal Body Cavities- ( 2 of them ) |
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Definition
Cranial cavity- enclosed by the cranium and contains the brain.
The vertebral canal is enclosed by the vertebral column and contains the spinal cord.
The two are continuous with each other and lined by three membrane layers called the meninges. |
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Definition
| is divided by a diaphragm into thoracic & abdominal pelvic cavity |
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consist of head, neck, trunk....
trunk consists of thoracic region
and abdominal region |
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consists of the upper limbs & lower limbs
also called appendages or extremities |
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| Towards the front or belly |
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| Toward the head or superior end |
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| Toward the forehead or nose (hint nose = nostril) |
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| Toward the tail or inferior end |
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| Toward the midsagittal plane |
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| Away from the midsagittal plane |
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Definition
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| Closer to the point of attachment |
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Definition
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| Farther from the point of attachment |
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| Closer to the body/skin surface |
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| Farther from the body/skin surface |
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