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Biology 205
Lecture 5
10
Biology
Undergraduate 2
05/19/2009

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Term
ATP
Definition
Adenine Tri-Phosphate, The main chemical energy store that is readily used by cells.
Term
Three Stages of metabolism in animal cells
Definition
1. Food broken down into subunits in intestines.
2. Glycolysis breaks down stuff into pyruvate and then to Acetyl CoA.
3. Citric Acid Cycle: Oxidation of Acetyl CoA.
Term
Stage one of Metabolism
Definition
Breakdown of food. Polysaccharides turn into simple sugars.
Term
Stage 2 of Metabolism
Definition
Glycolysis: Occurs in Cytosol
Pyruvate molecules are imported into mitochondria and converted to Acetyl CoA.
Term
How does Glucose get into the cell
Definition
Actively: Sodium driven glucose symport
Passively: Carrier Protein mediation
Term
Mitochondria Organization
Definition
Matrix: Extra Space
Inner Membrane
Outer Membrane
Intermembrane Space
Term
Porins
Definition
Formed from beta sheets. Transport all solutes less that 5KD.
Term
Stage 3 of Metabolism
Definition
Oxidation of Acetyl CoA to CO2 via the citric acid cycle. FADH2 and NADH are also generated. They give electrons to the electron transport chain to make energy.
Term
Electron Transport Chain
Definition
NADH Dehydrogenase Complex --> Ubiquinone --> Cytochrome b-c complex --> cytochrome c --> Cytochrom oxidase complex. Then Oxygen is used to create water with 2 protons.
Term
ATP Synthesis
Definition
ATP Synthase brings protons into the matrix and turns the rotor and changes the conformation of the stator making ATP.
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