Term
| Prokaryotes classification |
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Definition
| Archaea (archaeabacteria), Bacteria (Eubacteria), Cyanobacteria |
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Term
| Differences between Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes: Prokaryotes are |
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Definition
| More diverse than Eukkaryotes, most abundant life form, Prokaryotes 3.5-3.8 billion years ago Eukaryotes 2.1-2.7 billion years ago, |
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Definition
| Are photoautotroph or chemoautotroph |
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Definition
| uses photosynthesis to supply energy |
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Definition
| that obtains its nourishment through the oxidation of inorganic chemical compounds |
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Definition
| Photoheterotroph and chemoheterotroph;An organism that cannot synthesize its own food and is dependent on complex organic substances for nutrition. |
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Definition
| An organism that depends on light for most of its energy and principally on organic compounds for its carbon. |
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Definition
| An organism which oxidizes chemical bonds for energy but requires organic carbon compounds to grow |
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Term
| Archaea and bacteria are important in many ways |
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Definition
| industrial importance, antibiotics, genetic engineering, and they are the only organisms capable of atmospheric nitrogen fixation |
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Term
| industrial creations from bacteria |
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Definition
| acetic acid, vinegar, ethanol, amino acids, vitamins, enzymes, cheeses, yogurts) |
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Term
| antibiotics from bacteria |
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Definition
| streptomycin, neomycin, aureomycin, erythomycin, tetracycline |
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Term
| genetic engineering benefits from bacteria |
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Definition
| insulin, biological control, bioremediation |
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Term
| stucture of prokaryotes: how many cells, size, nucleus or not?, cell membranes fxns, |
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Definition
| single celled and colonial; no multicellular or specialization.....size 1 micrometer/ 10% of eukaryotic or smaller, no nucleus; single circular chromosome in cytoplasm.......cell membranes serve fxns of complex organelle; surface are for metabolic chemical rxns; photosynthesis, respiration, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| secreted by cell membrane; |
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Term
| 2 general cell wall bacteria types |
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Definition
| Gram positive-peptidoglycan.....or gram negative, capsule-gelatinous on outside |
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Term
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Definition
| bacillus, coccus, and spirillum |
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Definition
| polysaccharide molecules connected by polypeptide cross-links |
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Definition
| peptidoglycan-polysaccharide molecules connected by polypeptide cross-links |
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Term
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Definition
| additional lipopolysaccharide layer on outside of thinner petidoglycan layer |
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Term
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Definition
| in some cellwalls, gelatinous on outside |
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Term
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Definition
| one or both ends or all over in some; locomotion single fibers |
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Definition
| hairlike outgrowths; shorter than flagella; help attach to substrates and exchange genetic material |
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Definition
| thick walls around chromosome and some cytoplasm; dormant and survive aderse conditions especially heat and dry |
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Term
| cyanobacteria (blue/green algae) |
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Definition
| may from long filaments; galatinous sheaths; gliding motion |
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Definition
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Definition
| Mutation and genetic recombination |
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Term
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Definition
| 1/200 bacteria; may double in 12.5 minutes resistance to antibiotics |
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Term
| Genetic recombination 3 types |
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Definition
| transduction, conjugation, transformation |
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Term
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Definition
| virus genome parts incorporated into bacterial genome |
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Term
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Definition
| The temporary union of two bacterial cells during which one cell transfers part or all of its genome to the other, hollow tube (pilus) forms between 2 bacteria; replicated plasmid transferred; small somewhat spherical, extra chromosomal DNA; |
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Definition
| plasmid genome absorbed from surrounding eviornment |
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Term
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Definition
| decomposers, absorb energy and carbon from dead organic matter |
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Definition
| absorb nutrients from living hosts |
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Term
| 1.) Archaeabacteria... their cell walls lack- _____________, but have |
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Definition
| typical peptidoglycan design.........distinctive membrane |
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Term
| 2.) Archaeabacteria...Lipids in- ___________, more similar to -_________; __________ are associated with DNA, have distinctive metabolism, they may also represent some of the oldsest life forms |
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Definition
| phospholipids have distinctive rRNA, eukaryotes, histones |
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Term
| Archaeabacteria are a diverse group some live |
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Definition
| some live in habitats too extreme for most organisms |
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Definition
| Eukaryotes in extreme environments consist of Methanogens, Thermacidophiles, and Halophiles |
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Definition
| produce methane from CO2 and H2; reduce sulfur to H2S; marsh gas |
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Definition
| live in hot acid environments |
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Definition
| Organism that requires a salty environment Great salt lake and Dead sea |
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Definition
| An agent that causes disease, especially a living microorganism such as a bacterium or fungus |
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Definition
| various blights, rots and wilts: appear as spots |
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Definition
| Lyme disease, Gonorrhea, Syphillis |
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Definition
| Carried by ticks; deer and field mice |
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Term
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Definition
| STD often resistent to antibiotics |
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Definition
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Term
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| STD; several stages........1.)Chancre sore in infected area; highly infectious, 2.) General rash; sores in mouth and throat; still highly infectious, 3.) No symtoms, not infectious, 4.)Damage heart, nerves, brain, causes blindness |
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Term
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Definition
| Proteins secreted by prokaryotes |
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Definition
| components on membranes of gram-negative bacteria |
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Definition
| (Robert Koch - German physician) guidelines for medical microbiology |
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Definition
| the assimilation of atmospheric nitrogen by soil bacteria and its release for plant use on the death of the bacteria |
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Definition
| Living or occurring only in the presence of oxygen: aerobic bacteria |
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Definition
| An organism, such as a bacterium, that can live in the absence of atmospheric oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
| A round to ovoid, gram-positive, often pathogenic bacterium that occurs in pairs or chains, many species of which destroy red blood cells and cause various diseases in humans, including erysipelas, scarlet fever, and strep throat. |
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Definition
| A spherical gram-positive parasitic bacterium, usually occurring in grapelike clusters and causing boils, septicemia, and other infections. |
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Definition
| An organism, often a bacterium or fungus, that feeds on and breaks down dead plant or animal matter, thus making organic nutrients available to the ecosystem |
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Definition
| An acute or chronic disease marked by inflammation of the lungs and caused by viruses, bacteria, or other microorganisms and sometimes by physical and chemical irritants. |
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Definition
| An infectious fatal disease of warm-blooded animals, can be transmitted to humans through contact with contaminated animal substances (hair, feces, or hides), and is characterized by skin lesions. |
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Definition
| An infectious disease of humans characterized by the formation of tubercles on the lungs and other tissues of the body |
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Definition
| A severe, sometimes fatal food poisoning caused by ingestion of food containing botulin and characterized by nausea, vomiting, disturbed vision, muscular weakness, and fatigue. |
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Term
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Definition
| An acute infectious disease of the small intestine, characterized by profuse watery diarrhea, vomiting, muscle cramps, severe dehydration, and depletion of electrolytes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any of various rod-shaped bacteria of the genus Salmonella, many of which are pathogenic, causing food poisoning, typhoid, and paratyphoid fever in humans and other infectious diseases in domestic animals. |
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Term
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Definition
| An antibiotic used to treat tuberculosis and other bacterial infections. |
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Term
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Definition
| An antibiotic used as an intestinal antiseptic in surgery. |
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Term
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Definition
| An antibiotic effective against many gram-positive bacteria and some gram-negative bacteria. |
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Term
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Definition
| a yellow crystalline antibiotic used to treat certain bacterial diseases |
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Term
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Definition
| an antibiotic used broadly to treat infections |
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