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Biology 202 chapter 13
Asexual and sexual reproduction
24
Mathematics
Not Applicable
01/19/2005

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Term
Advantages of Asexual Reproduction
Definition
Simpler process-no meiosis, fertilization, mating, etc........All energy goes to offspring-no gametes, mating, etc.......Only one parent needed
Term
Disadvantage of Asexual Reproduction
Definition
All eggs in one basket gentically, if enviornment changes, may lose all
Term
Advantages of Sexual Reproduction
Definition
1.)Introduces Genetic variability through: A.)crossing over in prophase I of Meiosis. B.) Independent assortment in meiosis. C.) Random fertilization................2.) Allows adaptation to variable enviornments..............3.)Way to repair certain kinds of chromosome damage; synaptonemal complex-repair as homologous chromosomes align............4.) Two parents to care for young
Term
Disadvantages of Sexual Reproduction
Definition
1.) Requires gametes and usually parents to get together.......2.) More complex-meiosis, fertilization, mating, etc.........3.) Energy cost-production of gametes, courtship, mating, etc.
Term
clone
Definition
Exact copies of parent
Term
Fission
Definition
(type of asexual division) Division of organism into 2 or more new organisms
Term
Binary Fission
Definition
(type of asexual division) 2 equal, identical cells division
Term
Budding
Definition
(type of asexual division) Outgrowth from parent; external or internal
Term
Fragmentation
Definition
(type of asexual division) Piece breaks off and develops
Term
Asexual Reproduction
Definition
Where one part of 1 individual grows into new individual and inherits all chromosomes from 1 parent.......No sex organs, meiosis, gametes, etc.
Term
In Asexual Reproduction, there is alteration between-__________ & ____________ cells
Definition
Haploid and diploid
Term
Asexual Reproduction is more common in - _____________ ____________ __________
Definition
less complex organisms
Term
Sexual Reproduction
Definition
Involves alteration betweein meiosis and fertilization (syngamy) (2 fundamental proccesses)
Term
Meiosis
Definition
Reproductive division of cell which results in haploid cells (1 set of chromosomes), often gametes
Term
Gametes
Definition
Egg or sperm; haploid cells
Term
Fertilization
Definition
results in diploid cell or zygotes from 2 haploid cells or gametes (internal or external)
Term
diploid
Definition
of a cell or organism having two sets of chromosomes or twice the haploid number
Term
haploid
Definition
an organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes
Term
zygote
Definition
The cell formed by the union of two gametes, especially a fertilized ovum before cleavage
Term
syngamy
Definition
The fusion of two gametes in fertilization
Term
internal fertilization
Definition
when a man injects sperm in the womans pussy and the eggs are fertilized within the female reproductive tract
Term
external fertilization
Definition
the eggs are fertilized outside of the body
Term
Parthenogenesis
Definition
(type of sexual reproduction)developement of an unfertilized egg, reproduction without sex
Term
conjugation
Definition
(type of sexual reproduction) 2 cells fuse, exchange nuclear material, separate and divide (bacteria & protists) exchange haploid nuclei. 2 cells divide
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