Term
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Definition
| when water pulls against the glass molecules of a vessel forming a meniscus. |
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Term
|
Definition
| when hydrogen bonds hold water together. |
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Term
| Why does water have a greater surface tension than alcohol? |
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Definition
| hydrogen bonds among surface water molecules resist stretching or breaking the surface. |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does temperature relate to kinetic energy? |
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Definition
| it is a measure of the heat intensity due to the average KE of a substance |
|
|
Term
| How does heat relate to kinetic energy? |
|
Definition
| it is a measure of the total KE of a substance due to molecular motion. |
|
|
Term
| What is the definition of a calorie? |
|
Definition
| the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1g of water by 1˚C. |
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Term
|
Definition
| The amount of heat energy that must be absorbed or lost for 1g of a substance to change its temperature by 1*C |
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|
Term
| Why does water have such a high specific heat? |
|
Definition
| resists temperature changes when it absorbs or releases heat due to hydrogen bonds. |
|
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Term
| What does heating do to the kinetic energy of a substance? |
|
Definition
| increases the average kinetic energy (temperature) and increases the rate of evaporation. |
|
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Term
| Define Heat of vaporization |
|
Definition
| the quantity of heat that a liquid must absorb for 1g of it to be converted from the liquid to the gaseous state. |
|
|
Term
| Why is solid water less dense? |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| A liquid that is a completely homogenous mixture of two or more substances. |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| the substance being dissolved |
|
|
Term
| What is an aqueous solution? |
|
Definition
| a solution where water is the solvent. |
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|
Term
| What type of molecules would you expect water to dissolve? |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| having an affinity for water (liking) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Not having an affinity for water (not liking) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Amount of a substance that has a mass is grams numerically equivilent to its molecular weight in daltons. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Substance that increases the relative concentration of [H+] in a solution |
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Term
|
Definition
| Substance that reduces the relative concentration of [H+] in a solution. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A substance consisting of two or more elements in a fixed ratio |
|
|
Term
| What are the four elements that make up 96% of living matter? |
|
Definition
Carbon
hydrogen
nitrogen
oxygen |
|
|
Term
| What is the atomic number? |
|
Definition
| Number of protons in an atom |
|
|
Term
| What constitutes the mass number of an atom? |
|
Definition
| Protons + neutrons in an atom |
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Term
|
Definition
| When atoms have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons |
|
|
Term
| How are radioactive isotopes used in biological research? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Explain the relationship between energy and the position of the electron relative to the nucleus (its shell). |
|
Definition
| the closer to the nucleus, the lower the potential energy. The farther ones have more potential energy. |
|
|
Term
| How many electons can occupy an orbital? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The sharing of a pair of valence electorns by two atoms. |
|
|
Term
| What determines if a particular covalent bond is polar or nonpolar? |
|
Definition
| electrons in a covalent bond are shared equally, then this is a nonpolar covalent bond. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| can form if two atoms are so unequal in their attraction for valence electrons that one atom strips an electron completely from the other. |
|
|
Term
| Why are weak bonds important in biology? |
|
Definition
| Allows water to remain as a liquid over a wide range of temperatures |
|
|
Term
| How do carbon skeletons very in structure? |
|
Definition
- Length
- Shape (Straight, Branched, Ring)
- Number and Location of Double Bonds
- Other elements covalently bonded to available sites |
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Term
|
Definition
| Must ingest per-formed organic materials (food)from it's environment |
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Term
|
Definition
| A cell that does not have a membrane bound nucleus |
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Term
|
Definition
| composed of more than one cell |
|
|
Term
| Name the taxonomic groups largest to smallest? |
|
Definition
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species |
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Term
|
Definition
| Can synthesize (make) organic compounds (food) from inorganic materials |
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Term
|
Definition
| A cell that does have a nucleus |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A number of individual cells that exist as a closely associating group |
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Term
|
Definition
| Not capable of locomotion |
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Term
|
Definition
| Composed of only one cell |
|
|
Term
| Whats the bond in Amylose (carbs)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Whats the linkage in cellulose? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Whats the linkage in glycogen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Electronegativity of carbon? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the four main types of macromolecules we discussed? |
|
Definition
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Nucleic Acid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Formed by two fatty acids bound to one glycerol (containing a phosphate group). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Branched glucose polymer found in animals. Linked by Alpha 1-4 and Alpha 4-6 bonds. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Lipids composed of four fused carbon rings. |
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Term
|
Definition
| The type of base found in nucleotides. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Unbranched glucose polymer found in plants. Linked by Alpha 1-4 bonds. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Unbranched D-glucose polymer found in plants. Linked by Beta 1-4 bonds. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Type of fatty acid that contains no double carbon bonds. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Type of reaction that involves the addition of water. Used to break monomers. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Polysaccharide that is a polymer of an amino sugar. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Three fatty acids bound to one glycerol. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Type of nucleotide whose nitrogenous base is made of a single ring. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Type of bond that links nucleotides together. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Linear sequence of amino acids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Formed by regular intervals of hydrogen bonds along the backbone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
3D shape of protein
determined by interactions amoung "R" groups.
Hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Change in your genes over time |
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