Oxygen binds competitively with Hemoglobin.

A) True
B) False

Oxygen has a high solubility in plasma.

A. True

B. False

what effect does inadequate alveolar minute ventilation have on plasma PCO2 and plasma H2CO3?

     A) does not affect them

B) increases them
C) decreases them
                                   D) only affects the H2CO3 not the PCO2

Should the RT be overly concerned about Grandma's chronic hypoxia showing up as a low SaO2 percent ? Could she be anemic?

A. True

B. False

Carbon Dioxide binds with Hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin

A. True

B. False

Peripheral versus central cyanosis is caused respectively by:

A) low arterial O2 saturation and high arterial O2 saturation.

B) neither venous O2 saturation and nor arterial O2 saturation.

C) low venous O2 saturation and low arterial O2 saturation.
D) low venous O2 saturation and high venous O2 saturation.

Heart muscle O2 extraction is about:

A) 25%
B) less than any other tissue.
C) 90%
D) same as any other tissue

C) 90%

  Metabolic acidosis can be countered by increased alveolar ventilation

A. True

B. False

A patient with known cardiac disease has decreased systemic blood flow. You would expect tissue extraction of oxygen to:

A) stay the same
B) increase
C) cannot be predicted
D) decrease

Carbon monoxide poisoning changes hemoglobin's O2 affinity by:

A) increasing it
B) Carbon monoxide does not change hemoglobin's O2 affinity:
C) causing a right shift in the HbO2 curve.
D) decreasing it

A) increasing it

 Oxygen binds reversibly to each of the 4 polypeptide-heme combinations within hemoglobin

A) True

B) Flase

Increased carbonic acid due to hypoventilation is buffered by the non-bicarbonate buffer system.

A) True

B) False

The blood oxygen delivery rate is 4 times the body tissue needs.

A. True

B. False

A primary metabolic disturbance involves gain or loss of fixed acids and bicarbonates.

A) True

B) False

Increase in PO2 above 60 torr does not add much oxygen to the blood

A) True

B) False

According to the "40, 50, 60.." rule at a PvO2 of 40 the SvO2 should be 40.

A) Tue

B) False

Oxygen is only carried by Hemoglobin in blood.

A)True

B) False

Changes in blood PH cause countering changes in the levels 2,3-DPG production.

A) True

B) False

Carbon Dioxide has a high solubility in plasma.

A) True

B) False

PCO2's effect on the HbO2 curve is to shift it to the left.

A) True

B) False

The majority of CO2 hydrates to form H2CO3 to form

A) Plasma

B) Arterial blood

C) At the lungs

D) Erythrocyte

An acid is a proton acceptor and a base is a proton donor

A) True

B) False

A right shift of the HbO2 curve means an increasing affinity for oxygen as blood enters systemic capillaries

A) True

B) False

Cardon Dioxide reacts with plasma proteins to form carbamino compounds.

A) True

B) False

Hemoglobin is the most important and most abundant non-bicarbonate buffer solution in the blood.

A) True

B) False

Hemoglobin has two alpha and two beta polypeptides as part of it's globin molecule.

A) True

B) False

In hemoglobin, oxygen combines with alpha and beta globins, whereas CO2 combines with heme group.

A) True

B) False

Carbon Dioxide combines co-operatively with Hemoglobin.

A) True

B) False

Fetal Hemoglobin has a maximum PaO2 of:

A) 46 torr

B) 100 torr

C) 22 torr

D) 40 torr

The lungs excrete fixed acids and the kidneys excrete volatile acids.

A) True

B) False

A fixed acid is buffered by the bicarbonate buffer system

A) True

B) False

A buffer solution promotes changes in pH when a acid or base is added to it.

A) True

B) False

Large PO2 changes cause large changes in Hemoglobin oxygen content

A) True

B) False

Lungs eliminate CO2 and physically remove H+ ions from the body.

A) True

B) False

Oxygen binding can alter the Hemoglobin shape and light absorbtion characteristics, the basis of oximetry.

A) True

B) False

Whe Hemoglobin releases oxygen it becomes desaturated and changes color to :

A)Dark Blue

B) Deep Red

C) Deep Purple

D) Red, white, and blue

Cyanosis is not observed in the skin, nail beds or lips until Hemoglobin is down at least to a level of:

A) 15g/dL

B)5g/dL

C)51g/dL

D)50g/dL

The PaCO2 is measured at 40 torr for an alveolar minute ventilation of 4L/min. If the alveolar minute ventilation doubled to 8L/min what would the PaCO2 be?

A) 20 torr

B) 80 torr

C)only the O2 would change

D) it would remain the same

Blood gas analyzers measure pH and PCO2 but compute HCO3.

A) True

B) False

A) True

A High P50 means hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen is increased

A) True

B False

Acidotic blood carries less O2 than alkalotic blood

A) True

B) False

At rest tissues extract 250 ml of O2 and produce 200 ml of CO2

A) True

B) False

COPD patients will have low levels of 2,3 DPG in the erythrocytes.

A) True

B) False

Diagonistically the PaO2 is a better measured because it reflects oxygenation problems earlier than the SaO2.

A) True

B) False

Cyanotic infants with methemoglobinemia have a skin color of:

A) pink

B) white

C) slate-gray

D) blue

1.34 ml of oxygen per gram of hemoglobin is the accepted value for hemoglobin's oxygen carrying compacity.

A) True

B) False

The P50 of the oxyhemoglobin curve is the PO2 at which 50% of the hemoglobin is saturated with O2.

A) True

B) False

Weak acids and bases ionize to a small extent in an aqueous sokution.

A) Tue

B) False

By far the majority of oxygen in the blood is in the erythorcyte hemoglobin, with a miminal component that's dissolved.

A) True

B) False

Hypothermia causes the HbO2 curve shift to the right.

A) True

B) False

H2CO3 is called a volatile acid because it is in equilibrium with CO2 gas

A) True

B) False

The Haldane effect states that:

A) hemoglobin release of carbon dioxide facilitates CO2 uptake
B) hemoglobin binding of oxygen facilitates CO2 uptake
C) hemoglobin release of carbon monoxide facilitates CO2 uptake
D) hemoglobin release of oxygen facilitates CO2 uptake

A primary respiratory disturbance is alveolar related ventilation

A) True

B) False

If there was a disease that prevented production of carbonic anhydrase in the RBC, what would happen to plasma CO2?

A) increase

B) stay the same

C) only the British have that disease

D) decrease

Dissolved PaO2 doubles as PAO2 doubles.

A) True

B) False