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Definition
| used by all living organisms in order to perform "work", reproduce, and maintain life. |
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Term
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| "self-feeding" and can either be Photoautotrophic or Chemoautotrophic |
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Term
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Definition
| converting light energy into chemical enerfy in the process of Photosynthesis |
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Definition
| converting chemical energy from inorganic compounds found in the Earth into organic chemical energy-carrying compounds in the process of Chemosynthesis |
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Definition
| Autotrophic and Chemoautotrophic |
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Term
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Definition
"differnet feeding"
other organisms that obtain their energy from other living organisms. |
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Term
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Definition
| are Heterotrophic and consume their energy. |
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Term
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Definition
| the sum or total of all of the biochemical reactions which take place inside of an organism. |
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Term
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Definition
| chemical reactions can be ANABOLIC REACTIONS which build larger molecules from smaller molecules. |
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Term
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Definition
| chemical reactions can be CATABOLIC REACTIONS which break down large molecules into smaller molecules. |
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Definition
| the synthesis or formation of Glucose converting light energy into chemical energy. |
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Term
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Definition
| the synthesis of organic compounds within an organism, with chemical reactions providing the energy source. |
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Term
| Aerobic Cellular Respiration |
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Definition
| is the breakdown of Glucose using Oxygen converting the chemical energy in Glucose into a different, temporary, chemical energy-carrying molecule call ATP |
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Term
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Definition
is energy at rest
ex: water behind a dam. It has the potential to create electricity by moving through the dam turning a generator but is not doing so. |
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Term
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Definition
| is a type of Potential Energy. It is the energy stored int he bonds between atoms. Chemical Energy is stored when a bond is created and released when a bond is broken. |
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Definition
is the energy of motion.
ex: water moving through a dam converting the energy of motion into electricity. |
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Term
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Definition
| or the temperature of a substance is a type of Kinetic Energy and causes atoms to vibrate or get excited. |
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Term
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Definition
| is the motion of photons or a type of radiation. |
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Term
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Definition
| are energy-releasing reactions such as AEROBIC CELLULAR RESPIRATION |
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Term
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Definition
| are energy-storing reactions such as Photosynthesis. |
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Term
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Definition
| is the quantity of energy needed in order for chemical reactions to occur. This is usually in the form of Heat Energy. |
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Term
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Definition
| is the transfer of Heat Energy from a warmer substance to a cooler substance. Heat Energy only flows from warmer to cooler substances. |
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Term
| First Law of Thermodynamics |
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Definition
states that the total amount of energy in the universe is constant. In other words, energy can neither be created nor destroyed, it can only be converted from one form into another.
ex: Light Energy being converted into Chemical Energy during Photosynthesis. |
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Term
| Second Law of Thermodynamics |
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Definition
| states that during the conversion of energy from one form into another, some energy is "lost", the disorder or ENTROPY of the universe increases. This means that the universe goes from a highly ordered state to a disordered state. |
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Term
| ATP (Adenosine Triphospphate) |
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Definition
powers nearly all forms of cellular work.
consists of the nitrogenous base Adenine, the five-carbon sugar Ribose, and three Phosphate groups.
cycles between ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate) and ATP storing and releasing energy.
a renewable source of energy.
during the ATP cycle, energy is releases during the breakdown of Glucose, and this released energy is used to generate ATP. |
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Term
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Definition
function as biological catalysts by lowering the Energy of Activation needed for reaction to begin.
(see paper for many facts about Enzymes) |
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Term
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Definition
| is when an enzyme is very selective in the reaction it catalyzes and its shape determines what the enzyme acts upon. |
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Definition
| the specific reactant that an enzyme acts on. |
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Term
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Definition
| is the region of enzyme a substrate fits into. |
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Definition
| if the environmental conditions that an enzyme works in are too extreme, such as too hot, too cold, too acidic, etc. the conditions may change the shape of the enzyme rendering it useless. |
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Term
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Definition
many enzymes require theses non-protein helpers.
which help bind it to the active site and function in catalysts.
some are inorganic, such as Zinc, Iron,and Copper. |
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Term
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Definition
| a Cofactor is an organic molecule, such as most vitamins that is called a COENZYME. |
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