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Biology 121 - Exam III
Intro to animal anatomy and physiology (Chapter 40)
14
Biology
Undergraduate 1
04/21/2009

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Term
Which animal adaptations facilitate exchange with the environment? Which systems use diffusion for exchange?
Definition
Term
What factors influence metabolic rates in animals?
Definition
Body Size, Activity, and Enviorment
Term
Which biological states are governed by homeostasis?
Definition
pH, temperature, blood sugar
Term
How is heat homeostasis managed?
Definition
Thermoregulation - endotherm vs ectotherm . Heat homeostasis can be managed by insulation, evaporation, behavior, and metabolic heat production (shivering, brown fat deposit (production of heat instead of ATP))
Term
Which organ systems are derived from ectoderm? Mesoderm? Endoderm?
Definition
Ectoderm - Nervous (tissue) and Integunment (epithelial, connective, muscle)

Mesoderm - Circulatory, Excretory, Reproducive, Skeletal, Muscular, Endocrine, Immune & Lymphatic

Endoderm - Digestive, Respitory
Term
bioenergetics
Definition

The flow of energy through an animal

[image]

Term
metabolism
Definition
the organic processes (in a cell or organism) that are necessary for life
Term
homeostasis
Definition
steady state; keeping things constant
Term
ectotherm
Definition
heat is gained mostly through external sources
Term
endotherm
Definition
bodies are warmed mostly by heat generated by metabolism, body temperature is maintained within a relatively narrow range
Term
counter current exchange
Definition

circulatory adaptation that is important for reducing heat loss in many endotherms

[image]

Term
tissues
Definition
groups of cells with a common structure and function
Term
organs
Definition
organization of different tissues
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