Term
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Definition
| Cellular structure prevents bacteria and large molecules from entering the brain. Water, Oxygen, CO2, Glucose, Alcohol, and sometimes viruses get through. |
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Term
| What types of things weaken the BBB? |
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Definition
| Genetics, high blood pressure (hypertension), radiation, and infection |
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Term
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Definition
| Areas of the brain where BBB is weak to allow monitoring of blood activity |
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Term
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Definition
| In medulla, weak area of BBB detects toxins in blood and makes you vomit. |
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Term
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Definition
| Hard to treat because most antibiotics are too big to get through the BBB |
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Term
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Definition
| Can be caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses, or injury. Infection leads to inflammation of the protective membranes around the brain and spinal cord (called Meninges). West Nile virus can cause this. |
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Term
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Definition
| Disruption in the BBB where misfolded proteins (Beta Amyloid) enter the brain and accumulate. Forms Amyloid plaques. |
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Term
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Definition
| Unconsciousness in which a person cannot respond to stimuli (pain, light, or sound) |
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Term
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Definition
| rapid simultaneous firing of neurons in the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| Over 40 different kinds. Episodic abnormal electrical activity in the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| Most serious. accompanies by violent convulsions. Causes brain damage if it lasts too long. |
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Term
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Definition
| Mild seizure. Short duration. Stare into space or move around aimlessly. Don't remember it. |
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Term
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Definition
| most cause by simple chemical imbalances in the brain often involving neurotransmitters |
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Term
| What is Mental Illness difficult to treat? |
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Definition
| it is difficult to get medications past the BBB |
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Term
| Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) |
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Definition
help controls nutrient flow in/out of the brain
transport molecules around the nervous system
Mechanical protection for brain and neurons |
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Term
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Definition
| brain hits the skull and bruises |
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Term
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Definition
| into the lymphatic system |
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Term
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Definition
| Varies due to coughing, holding in sneezes, increases pressure |
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Term
| When CSF Pressure is too high |
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Definition
| It can prevent oxygen, glucose, and water from entering the brain. |
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Term
| When CSF Pressure is too low |
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Definition
| Headaches when standing up, blurred vision, loss of hearing |
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Term
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Definition
| survival functions, being alert and awake |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| coordinates hearing and visual reflexes |
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Term
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Definition
| controls heart rate, swallowing, vomiting, resting, and digestion |
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Term
| Fainting (Vasovagal Synocope) |
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Definition
| Vagos nerve sends body into emergency rest mode. Whole body vasodilation and loss of blood pressure to the brain causes fainting. |
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Term
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Definition
| Homeostasis, sleep, thirst, hunger, anger, sex drive. Disorders, OCD, bipolar disorder, depression, schizophrenia. Hallucinogenic drugs affect it. |
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Term
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Definition
| may function consolidating learning and memory |
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Term
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Definition
| Replay events that happened recently and prepare for future events. During REM sleep most motor skills are paralyzed. |
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Term
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Definition
| coordinate muscles, balance, and position of body in space |
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Term
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Definition
| memory, abstract thought, sensory perception, thinking, language |
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Term
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Definition
| Outer layer of cerebrum in mammals. Awareness, thinking, attention |
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Term
| The left side of the brain... |
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Definition
| controls the right side of the body and vise versa |
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Term
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Definition
| speech, language, math, logic, right side of body |
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Term
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Definition
| artistic, creativity, music, left side of body |
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Term
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Definition
| Inner layer of cerebrum. Produces and interprets emotions. Allows us to understand and interpret emotions of others. Includes the Hippocampus, which is involved in long-term memory. |
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Term
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Definition
| Made up of neural pathways that differ in length and which neurotransmitters are used. |
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Term
| • Memorizing phone numbers, facts, and places can be rapid and may only take one exposure because they may rely on changes in the strength of existing neural connections. In contrast, the slow learning of complex new tasks may involve cellular mechanisms similar to those responsible for brain growth and development-neurons actually making new connections. Motor skills such as walking, riding a bike, tying your shoes, are usually learned by reception and are hard to unlearn. Our gait, gestures, accent, and other habits are hard to change once learned. You can teach an old dog new tricks, it just takes longer. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| frontal cortex (cerebrum) |
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Term
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Definition
| hippocampus (limbic system) |
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Term
| What factors improve the transfer of information from short to long term memory? |
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Definition
- Practice (slow and steady wins the prize)
- Positive or negative Emotions associated with the memory
- New data can be Associated with something learned (context)
- Re-testing
(PEAR ACRONYM FOR BONUS POINTS) |
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Term
| How does marijuana use affect memory? |
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Definition
| impairs brain's ability to form short-term memory |
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Term
| How does alcohol abuse affect memory? |
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Definition
| impairs brain's ability to form long-term memory (blackout) |
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