Term
| Where do the hydrophobic parts of proteins tend to do? |
|
Definition
| Fold to the inside, but in some special cases like alphahelix can go back and forth |
|
|
Term
| What is the cell made up of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the basic unit of life? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do we study the makeup of cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two types of microscopy? |
|
Definition
Light Microscopy
Electron Microscopy |
|
|
Term
| What is light microscopy? |
|
Definition
| Visible light passes through, reflects from, or is emitted by samples |
|
|
Term
| What is Electron Microscopy? |
|
Definition
| Electrons passes thorugh or are reflected by sample |
|
|
Term
| How small can Light Microscopy see? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are a few examples of light microscopy? |
|
Definition
| Seeing different cells, staining, using florescence |
|
|
Term
| What is scanning electron microscopy? |
|
Definition
3D view of cell
based on collecting electrions that bounce off surface |
|
|
Term
| What is Transmission Electron Microscopy? |
|
Definition
See the interior of cell, usually thin sections
Based on collecting elections that pass through |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is cell fractionation? |
|
Definition
| Allows purification of organelles |
|
|
Term
| What are the two steps of cell fractionation? |
|
Definition
Homogenization
Cenrtriugation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is Centrifugation do in cell fractionation? |
|
Definition
| Open and separating components of cell |
|
|
Term
| What are the two traditional categories life divided by? |
|
Definition
Prokaryotic- "before kernel", no nucleus
Eukaryote- "true kernel", nucleus and other intracellular membrane structures |
|
|
Term
| What are the tree domains that life is genetically divided by? |
|
Definition
Prokaryotes ( Bacteria, Archaea)
Eukaryotes (something else) |
|
|
Term
| How small are prokaryotes? |
|
Definition
| Small 0.5-5 nanometer diameter |
|
|
Term
| Are prokaryotes simple structured? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Prokaryotes with mixture of characteristics, some like bacteria, some like eukaryotes |
|
|
Term
| Where were the first archaea discovered? |
|
Definition
in 'extreme' environments
They are excellent at adapting |
|
|
Term
| What are known as extremophiles? |
|
Definition
| Archaea that can survive in extreme environments |
|
|
Term
| Are archaea excellent at adapting? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Steal dna from other organisms |
|
|
Term
| How are archaea like bacteria? |
|
Definition
| The basic structure, translation, some metabolic pathways |
|
|
Term
| How are archaea like eukaryotes? |
|
Definition
| Cellular replication and transcription |
|
|
Term
| What are single cellular or colonial eukaryotes called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the multicellular eukaryotes called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are common features of a cell? |
|
Definition
Plasma membrane
Cytosol
Chromosome(s)
Ribosomes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| watery environment in cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| information that tells what the cell does |
|
|
Term
| Do prokaryotes have membrane-bound organelles? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do prokaryotes possess a cell wall? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is the DNA in a prokaryote located? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do Eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is DNA stored in a Eukaryotic cell? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do all eukaryotes have a cell wall? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which is bigger, a prokaryote or a eukaryote? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Little organs
First haracterized as defined bodies within cells visible be microscopy
Frequently membrane-bound |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Membrane-bound (nuclear envelope)
Houses DNA in strucutre organized by protein (choromatin)
Includes nucleolus (ribosome assembly site) |
|
|
Term
| What is the nuclear envelope? |
|
Definition
Double membrane structure
Lined with nuclear lamina (structural protein gland) |
|
|
Term
| Where does material pass in and out of the nuclear envelope? |
|
Definition
| through nuclear pore complexes |
|
|
Term
| Would a folded protein interact with oil or water, and why? |
|
Definition
| water because none of its hydrophobic ends are showing, making it hydrophilic |
|
|
Term
| What is the polymer for Lipids? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the linking bond for for Lipids? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Are lipids Hydrophilic or phobic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the monomer for proteins? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the monomer for nucleic acids? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the polymer for proteins? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the polymer for nucleic acids? |
|
Definition
Polynucleotide
(DNA or RNA) |
|
|
Term
| What is the linking bond for proteins? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the linking bond for nucleic acids? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Are proteins hydrophilic or phobic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Are Nucleic acids hydrophilic or phobic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the atomic composition of Carbohydrates? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the atomic composition of Lipids? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the atomic composition of Proteins? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the atomic composition of Nucleic Acids? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the monomer for Carbohydrates? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the monomer for Lipids? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the monomer for Proteins? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the monomer for Nucleic Acids? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the polymer for Carbohydrates? |
|
Definition
disaccharide
polysaccharide |
|
|
Term
| What is the polymer for Lipids? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the polymer for Proteins? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the polymer for Nucleic Acids? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the Linking bond for Carbohydrates? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the Linking bond for Lipids? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the Linking bond for Proteins? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the Linking bond for Nucleic Acids? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Are Carbohydrates Hydrophilic or Hydrophobic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Are Lipids Hydrophilic or Hydrophobic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Are Proteins Hydrophilic or Hydrophobic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Are Nucleic Acids Hydrophilic or Hydrophobic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Are prokaryotes unicellular or multicellular? |
|
Definition
| Unicellular, but they can be colonial |
|
|
Term
| What are the three common shapes for prokaryotes? |
|
Definition
Cocci (spherical)
Baccilli (rod)
Spirilli (spiral) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| archaea that can survive in very high salt environments |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| archaea that can survive in high temperatures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Archaea that produce methane |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Large cells with complex cellular structure |
|
|
Term
| What has a nuclear envelope? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What doesn't have a nuclear envelope? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What has membrane-enclosed organelles? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What doesn't have membrane-enclosed organelles? |
|
Definition
|
|
