Describe the process of DNA relication on the leading and lagging strands. Include:

DNA Pol I

DNA Pol III

Helicase

Ligase

Primase

Single-stranded DNA binding protein

Topoisomerase

Raw material = deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTP)

dATP

dTTP

dCTP

dGTP

Would create a mutation..

1)Contemporaneous with synthe sisi

DNA Pos 'proofread' taking incorrect bases back off

Contempoaneous with synthesis

Subsequent to synthesis

Mismatches or damage cause kinks in DNA helix

When a kink is detecte. the offending DNA is removed, then replaced by Pol I and the gaps are glued together by ligase

• Have multible linear chromosomes
• DNA replication begins at multiple orgins of replication
• It progesses outward in bothe directions- bidirectionally
• Each replication fork of each replication bubble copies both strands
• X

Pol I comes in and chews up primer in Prokaryotes

RNA primer is pealed off the template and clipped off. ligase seals the gap EUK

Eykaryotes have linear chromosomes

DNA polymerase needs to buold on an existing primer. so you can't replicate the very end- the chromosome would get shorter with each round of replication

An enzyme made up of both protein and RNA (ribonucleoprotein) that carries its own template and this lets it add lost repeats back to the telomeres

telomerase becomes less active with age

(taking DNA letters to RNA letters)

RNA synthesis using DNA template

RNA polymerase uses one DNA strand as template to make complementary strand

makes RNA 5' to 3'

Initiation-start

Elongation-do it

Termination-finish

• Transcription factors bind DNA at specific sequences where RNA synthesis is to begin(promoter)
• Bound factors load RNA polymerase
• RNA polymerase/transcription factor complex melts the DNA
• RNA polymerase starts making RNA (no primer is needed)

RNA polymerase makes RNA

• DNA template
• Ribonucleoside trophosphate (not deoxyribose)

(NTPs vs dNTPs) and (U sub for T)