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Biology 102 Exam 3
Notes from Lectures and Exam Key
42
Biology
Undergraduate 1
05/03/2010

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Term
root hairs are part of the
Definition
epidermis
Term
what plants produce swimming sperm?
Definition
ferns and mosses
Term
a tuber is a modified
Definition
stem
Term
fruits develop from
Definition
ovaries
Term
the triploid nutritive tissue in angiosperm seeds is called
Definition
endosperm
Term
megasporangium is found in a _______sporous plant
Definition
homosporous
Term
the organelle that helps a euglenid or ciliate avoid bursting is the
Definition
contractile vacuole
Term
an organism that can obtain carbon nutrition either by carbon fixation (P.S.) or ingestion of organic compounds is
Definition
mixotrophic
Term
The organisms that cause "red tide" poisoning are
Definition
dinoflagellates
Term
which "kingdoms" in the 5-kingdowm system of classification are no longer recognized?
Definition
protista
Term
the plants that gave rise to coal deposits through the process of fossilization were
Definition
seedless vascular plants
Term
what is closely related to diatoms?
Definition
Kelp (brown algae)
Term
-they tend to be very acidic
-they often contain carnivorous plants
-they have low rates of decomposition
Definition
Sphagnum
Term
in alternation of generations, meiosis occurs in the
Definition
sporophyte
Term
Which of the following specifically suggests that charophyceans (not just green algae) are the
closest relatives of the green plants?
Definition
shared possession of rosette cellulose synthesizing complexes
Term
In plant cells, transport proteins known as proton pumps
Definition
actively transport protons out of the cell producing a proton and electrochemical gradient
across the plasma membrane.
Term
The casparian strip
Definition
forces water and minerals that are moving through the apoplast to cross the plasma
membrane of an endoderm cell before entering the xylem vessels.
Term
In CAM plants,
Definition
stomata are open at night and can be closed during the day, thus reducing water
evaporation.
Term
During transpiration, which of the following is part of the transpiration-cohensiontension
mechanism for the ascent of xylem sap?
Definition
loss of water from the mesophyll cells, which initiates the pull of water from neighboring
cells.
- transfer of transpirational pull from one water molecule to the next, due to cohesion by
hydrogen bonding.
-hydrophilic walls of tracheids and vessels (xylem) that help overcome the gravitional pull
on the column of water.
Term
If water flows from a region of more positive (higher) water potential to a region of more
negative (lower) water potential, how does the water potential in the root compare to that in the
soil outside the root?
Definition
The water potential in the soil must be higher than it is in the root.
Term
anther
Definition
microsporangium
Term
cotyledons
Definition
diploid nutritive tissue, embryonic leaves
Term
endosperm
Definition
triploid nutritive tissue
Term
integument
Definition
seed coat
Term
male gametophyte
Definition
pollen grain
Term
plasmodium
Definition
malaria
Term
Trypanosome
Definition
kinetoplastids
Term
Entamoeba histolytica
Definition
Amoebic dysentery
Term
Giardia intestinalis
Definition
Diplomonads
Term
Trichomonas vaginalis
Definition
Trichomoniasis
Term
stigma
Definition
middle thing, top
Term
ovule
Definition
round on the bottom
Term
petal
Definition
those large colorful things on the outside
Term
sepal
Definition
look like little green petals on the bottom
Term
anther
Definition
tops on long stringy things in between ovule and leaves
Term
plants evolution
Definition
cuticle -> vascular system -> pollen -> double fertilization and carpel
Term
In what ways does the gametophyte of a moss resemble that of an angiosperm?
Definition
haploid, multicellular, produce gametes via mitosis
Term
In what ways does the gametophyte of a moss differ from that of an angiosperm?
Definition
moss has one bisexual gametophyte/ angiosperm has unisexual micro/ mega spores...moss has a dominant free-living gametophyte, is highly reduced in angiosperms
Term
Irish potato famine
Definition
Phytophthora infestans
Term
how is Phytophthora infestans like fungus?
Definition
filamentous, heterotrophic with absorptive nutrition (plant pathogen)
Stramenopile (heterokont) flagella on swimming spores
Term
What does the name “Archaeplastida” mean?
Definition
ancient chloroplast, Appropriate because this is the group that has chloroplasts derived by primary endosymbiosis
Term
What three major groups of organisms are in Archaeplastida
Definition
red algae, green alage, and plants
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