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| discipline of biology that focuses on classifying organisms and determining their evolutionary relationships |
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| identification, naming and classification of species |
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| two part latinized name assigned to each species |
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(plural is genera) first part of binomial, defines animal group
second part of binomial is unique each species within the genus |
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| hierarchial classification |
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| groups species in an ordered hierarchy of categories. First step is built into the binomial. |
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species domain
genus kingdom
family phylum
order class
class order
phyla family
kingdoms genus
domains species |
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| biologist use to depict hypotheses about evolutionary history about a species |
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in different species may vary in form and function but exhibit fundamental similarities because they evolved from the same ancestor,
the greater number of homologous structures between two species, the more closely they are related |
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| species from different evolutionary branches have certain structures that are superficially similar if natural selection has shaped analogous adaptations |
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| similarity due to convergence |
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grouping organisms by common ancestry,
based on Darwinian concept of "descent with modification from a commom ancestor" |
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| (greek word for branch) consists of an ancestral species and all its evolutionary descendants - a distinct brand in the tree of life |
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| classifying earth's diverse species is a work in progress as we learn more about organisms and their evolution. |
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