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Biology 101 Lab exam
n/a
29
Biology
Undergraduate 1
11/27/2011

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Term
spongy mesophyll
Definition
located on the bottom of dicot leaves, has large air gaps between and is loosely packed. monocots only have this kind of mesophyll.
Term
palisade mesophyll
Definition
located on the uppser surface of dicot leaves. very tightly packed. only in dicots.
Term
epidermis
Definition
the cells on the skin of the leaf, secrete a waxy cuticle, which prevents water loss.
Term
guard cells
Definition
cells that control the opening and closing of stomata. when they are turgid, the stomata open, and when they are flaccid, the stomata close. exposure to light activates a proton pump, moving H+ ions out of the guard cells and causing water to flow into the guard cells.
Term
xylem is _______ the phloem in leaf veins.
Definition
on top
Term
transpiration is because
Definition
there is a negative pressure aided by the polar nature of water, causing it to adhere to the walls of xylem cells. the negative pressure is caused by the stomata.
Term
transpiration rates ________ with temperature. this is more obvious at _____ humidity
Definition
increase; low
Term
as relative humidity ______, transpiration rates ________. this is more obvious at ______ temperatures.
Definition
increases; decrease
high
Term
sepals on monocots
Definition
look like petals.
Term
sepals on dicots
Definition
look like they did before.
Term
inferior ovaries are _____ the flower, and superior ovaries are _____ the flower.
Definition
below; inside
Term
receptacle
Definition
where everything grows from
Term
sepals
Definition
protect the bud
Term
petals
Definition
attract pollinators
Term
stamen
Definition
filaments support the anther, anther produces pollen grains
MALE
Term
carpel
Definition
stigma is sticky to catch pollen, the style joins the stigma to the ovary, the ovary contains ovules, and the placenta produces ovules. pistils are 1 carpel or several carpels fused
FEMALE
Term
dicots have petals in multiples of
Definition
4 or 5
Term
monocots have petals in multiples of
Definition
3
Term
epithelial tissues
Definition
cover the surface of structures.
Term
subcategories of epithelial tissues
Definition
protective covers organs to protect them, like skin. (simple and stratified). glandular secretes substances, has exocrine(outside secretion) and endocrine(inside secretion) glands
Term
connective tissue
Definition
connects cells together. can be liquid (blood) or solid (bone)
Term
muscular tissues
Definition
smooth involuntary muscles, skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle.
Term
nerve tissue
Definition
grey and white matter of the brain, nerves and ganglia.
Term
our skeleton is flattened ventro-dorsally because
Definition
it allows for use to balance better
Term
our spine is s shaped because
Definition
it puts our organs on a line and allows for balance
Term
our pelvis is larger
Definition
to support the upper body and to allow females to pass babies
Term
our gluteus maximus is bigger than a cat's because
Definition
we need it to support our upper body, while a cat uses its quads to support its body.
Term
endoskeletons are made of
Definition
bone and cartiledge. both are made of collagen, but bone has calcium/sulpher salts as well, making it more rigid.
Term
blood cell formation occurs in the
Definition
bones, and is called hemopoiesis.
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