Term
| What is genetic material? |
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Definition
| deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| 3 facts about prokaryotes? |
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Definition
1. no nucleus or nuclear envelope
2. Genetic material in a "nucleoid region"
3. no organelles or internal membranes |
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Term
| 3 facts about eukaryotes? |
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Definition
1. nucleus with a nuclear envelope
2. genetic material within the nucleus
3. contains cytosol with membrane-bound organelles |
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Term
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Definition
| a dense region of DNA in a prokaryotic cell |
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Term
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Definition
| the entire region inside the cell membrane and outside the nucleus in cells that have a nucleus |
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Term
| what is the nuclear envelope? |
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Definition
| a double membrane which encloses the nuccleus of a eukaryotic cell |
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Term
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Definition
| is a spherical shaped region in the nucleus where eukaryotic ribosomes are assembled |
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Term
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Definition
| is a complex of DNA and histone proteins, which make up chromosomes in eukaryotic cells |
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Term
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Definition
| are long threadlike associations of genes, composed of chromatin and found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells |
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Term
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Definition
| they build the cells proteins and are cytoplasmic complexes which are the sites of protein synthesis |
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Term
| where are ribosomes located in a prokaryotic cell? in a eukaryotic? |
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Definition
in a prokaryotic cell, they are free in the cytoplasm
in a eukaryotic, they are either free or attached to a membrane |
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Term
| what do ribosomes contain? |
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Definition
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Term
| What would happen if a cell stopped making properly functioning RNA? |
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Definition
| The cell would not be able to translate the information in DNA into protein |
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Term
| what are many organelles connected through? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| are membrane-enclosed sacs that are pinched off portions of membranes |
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Term
| what is the endoplasmic reticulum? |
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Definition
| it manufactures membranes and performs other vital biosynthetic functions and it is an extensive membranous network of tubules and sacs |
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Term
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Definition
ER with no ribosomes attached
functions: synthesis of lipids |
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Term
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Definition
contains bound ribosomes.
functions:
1. Manufacture of membranes
2. Synthesis of secretory proteins |
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Term
| what does the gogli complex do? |
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Definition
| finishes, sorts and ships many cell products |
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Term
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Definition
| membrane-bound organelles which are digestive compartments that digest all major classes of macromolecules |
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Term
| what are the functions of lysosomes? |
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Definition
1. intracellular digestion-digesting food
2. recycling of cellular material |
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Term
| what are the main energy transformers of cells? |
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Definition
| mitchondria and chloroplasts |
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Term
| 4 general features of mitchondria and chloroplasts: |
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Definition
1. double membrane
2. membranes not a part of the endomembrane system
3. contain ribosomes and DNA
4. semi-autonomous (can grow and reproduce) |
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Term
| How are chloroplasts and mitochondria similar to prokaryotic cells? |
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Definition
| Both have their own DNA and ribosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| chlorophyll-containing organelles which are the sites of photosynthesis |
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Term
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Definition
| space inside the inner membrane inside a chloroplast |
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Term
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Definition
| the third membrane system found in the chloroplast stroma and contain chlorophyll |
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Term
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Definition
| stacks of thylakoids in a chloroplast |
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Term
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Definition
| are organelles which use energy extracted from organic macromolecules (food) to produce ATP. Called cellular respiration |
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Term
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Definition
| the infolded structures of mitochondira |
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Term
| what is the intermembrane space? |
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Definition
| in mitochondria, its the Space between the outer and inner membranes |
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Term
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Definition
| in mitochondria, its the Space inside the inner membrane |
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Term
| If a cell had a nucleoid, it most likely would be a(n) ___________. |
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Definition
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