Term
| What makes up the central nervous system? |
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Definition
| the brain and spinal cord |
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Term
| What makes up the peripheral nervous system? |
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Definition
| consists of nerve fibers running to and from the central nervous system. |
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Term
| What do these systems do? |
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Definition
| They act as connecting and coordinating systems between the sense organs and the muscles and glands. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What do sensory neurons do? |
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Definition
| receive and carry sensory information |
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Term
| What do motor neurons do? |
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Definition
| invloved in motor activities |
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Term
| Name and describe the 4 basic parts of a neuron. |
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Definition
1) Dendrites - recieve nerve impulses 2) Cell Body - contains chromosomes and genes and provides energy for neuron activity 3) Axon - sends messages to other neurons 4) Synapse - the point at which the two neurons meet
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Term
| What does the Autonomic Nervous system do? |
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Definition
| regulates activities of vital organs |
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Term
| What organs does the autonomic nervous system control |
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Definition
| organs necessary for life and reproduction |
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Term
| Why do we call it the autonomic nervous system? |
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Definition
| because we cannot voluntarily control the activities regulated by it |
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Term
| List the 5 techniques to study the relationship of the brain to behavior |
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Definition
1) stimulating specific areas of the brain by placing small electrodes in the brain 2) brain lesions refers to a part of the brain that has been destroyed 3) EEG (electoenchephalograph) - recording brain wave patterns 4) Studying nerves connected to brain - tracing decayed nerves 5) Biochemical studies - chemical analysis of normal brains in healthy people
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Term
| 4 factors that will determine whether it continues to another neuron or not |
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Definition
1) Acceptance is related to the amount of chemicals for transmitting the impulse 2) Availability of the receiving neuron 3) Previous state of synapse 4) Possibilities of changing conditions
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Term
| What is the highest brain center in humans called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the cerebral cortex look like? |
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Definition
| a thick layer of gray-colored neurons just under the skull |
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Term
| Describe the 2 areas of the cerebral cortex |
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Definition
- related to sensory processes - related to motor activities
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Term
| How much of this area is unknown in purpose |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the average brain weight of a male? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the average brain weight of a female? |
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Definition
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Term
| Does weight have any bearing of intelligence? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do we know brain weight doesn't have any bearing of intelligence? |
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Definition
| The lightest brain and heaviest brain both belonged to retarded people |
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Term
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Definition
- empty contents through small opening - do not send products directly into blood stream
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Term
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Definition
- have no openings - empty product directly into blood stream
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Term
| Where is the Thyroid gland located? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the thyroid gland do? |
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Definition
| releases hormone that regulates speed of chemical reactions and rate of growth |
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Term
| What does and overactive thyroid gland do? |
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Definition
| restles and excitable, gland may become very enlarged producing a condition calle Goiter |
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Term
| What does an Underactive thyroid gland do? |
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Definition
| The cretin is dwarfed with a thick set body. Legs are short and bowed. Feet and hands are stubby. Hair is coarse. Skin is yellow. |
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Term
| Where is the Pituitary gland located? |
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Definition
| attached to the underside of the brain |
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Term
| What is the pituitary gland called and what does it control? |
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Definition
called the "master gland" it controls outputs from other endocrine glands Part of this gland controls bodily growth |
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Term
| Where is the Adrenal Gland located? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name and describe the two hormones released by the adrenal gland |
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Definition
1) adrenaline - heartbeat increase, stomach stops digesting, pupils of eyes become wider 2) cortisone - helps fight infections - prepares a person for a long-continued exercise
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Term
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Definition
| provide sperm and eggs cells for reproduction |
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Term
| What do Gonad Glands Control? |
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Definition
| personality development of an individual |
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Term
| When do Gonad glands increase production? |
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Definition
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Term
| 4 conclusions made in the experiment on laboratory rats and wild rats to determine the effects of environment on glandular development |
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Definition
1) Adrenal glands in lab rats are smaller and less effective 2) thyroid glands less active in lab rats 3)gonads develop earlier, function with greater regularity and cause a much greater fertility in lab rats than in wild rats 4) found that the brains of lab rats weigh less than the brains of wild rats.
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