Term
Define
Biological Diversity |
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Definition
| variety of living organisms |
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Term
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Definition
| a particular group of organisms that have the same structure and can reproduce |
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Term
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Definition
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| How many species have been classified |
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Definition
| only classified 2 million |
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Term
| how many species of animals |
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Definition
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Definition
| almost 1 million classified |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
| Characteristics of all living things |
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Definition
-are made up of cells
-need energy
-grow and develop
-reproduce
-have adaptations
-respond to stimuli (ex.Move)
-adaptations (behavioral or physical)
which suit for every specific habitat |
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Term
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Definition
| Group of organisms of the same species living in an area sharing the same resources. Ex.Herd of zebra |
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Term
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Definition
| a group of populations of different species living in the same area |
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Term
Define
Ecosystem and give an example |
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Definition
a particular enviorment where living things (Biotic ) interact with each other and non living things (abotic)
ex. slough |
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Term
| Diversity within the same species is called ? |
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Definition
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Term
T OR F
Plant and animals species are distributed evenly through out the world |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the most found species in a region ? |
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Definition
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Term
| Move closer to poles = ??? |
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Definition
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Term
What is the Nomen Clature
who was it developed by ?
who uses it ? |
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Definition
-The binomial Latin naming system
- Developed by clinnaeus (1st century)
-Scientists around the world, can refer to the same species , by the SAME name
-This system uses an organisms structure to classify it (NOT habitat) |
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Term
What two words identify organisms
and give an example |
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Definition
Genus, Species
Ex. Homo Sapiens
Cats: Felis s. Catus
wolf: Canis Lupus
Dogs: Canis Lupus familiars |
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Term
| How many kingdoms are there ? |
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Definition
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Term
Kingdom: Animalia
consists of ?
How many |
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Definition
insects, fish, amphibians , reptiles, birds, and mammals
1.5 million |
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Term
Kingdom: Plantae
consists of ?
How many |
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Definition
350,000
Mosses, Ferns, Seeds, Plants |
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Term
Kingdom: Fungi
Consists of ?
how many |
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Definition
100,000
yeasts , moulds and mushrooms |
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Term
Kingdom: Protista
Consists of and how many |
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Definition
80,000
Mostly single celled organisms, Algae, amoeba, paramecia |
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Term
Kingdom: Monera
Consists of ?
How many (estimated ) |
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Definition
bacteria
4,000--> 1,000,000 range |
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Term
The five kingdom classification system can be further sub divided by:?
and exmaple |
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Definition
Ex.Humans
Kingdoms: Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class: Mamila
order:Primate
Family:Homini
Genus: Homo(1, 9 extinct)
Species: Sapien (1) |
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Term
| what has the most biodiversity in the sea ? |
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Definition
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Term
Define
Food chains and Food Webs |
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Definition
| Show SOME of the realtionships between the organisms in a particular enviorment |
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Term
What is a predator - prey relationship and what does it do / benefit ?
who does it benefit? |
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Definition
Predator prey relationship is a classic example of interdependence between species
the prey benefits from the relationship
1. Predators are going to reduce the size of the prey populations.
this prevents the prey from outstripping their food supplu and starving !
2. predators tend to capture the old sick or weak members of the prey population . The healthy and strong memebers of the prey and population survive producing healthy off spring ! |
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Term
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Definition
| The association between members of different species. |
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Term
| What are the different types of symbiotic relationships |
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Definition
commensalism
mutualism
paratism
inter species competition
resources partitoning |
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Term
| What is commensalism and give an example |
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Definition
| one organism benefits while the other is unaffected ex.barnacles |
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Term
| what is Mutualism and give a example |
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Definition
both organisms benefit from the relation
Leeches and humans, birds and elephants |
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Term
| What is paratism and give an example |
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Definition
one organism benefits while the other is harmed
Mosquitos |
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Term
| What is inter-species competition ? |
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Definition
| when two or more species need the same resources. neither benefits. |
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Term
| What is resource partitioning ? |
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Definition
| competing species share resources by using them in different ways, involving less direct competition |
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Term
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Definition
The role of an organisms or species in an ecosystem
includes
- where it lives
-what it eats/ what eats IT
- how it reproduces
- how it interacts with other living things and non living things |
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Term
Why is it good to have variation ?
explain |
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Definition
| when species have variation, individuals are more likely to survive if a change occurs |
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Term
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Definition
proposed by Charles Darwin,
the fittest will survive |
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Term
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Definition
over time, birds beaks changed, being fitted in their environment
these adaptations were based on their off spring
there was less competition between species, more survival |
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Term
Define
Non-heritable characteristics |
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Definition
| are acquired or learned and not necessarily passed down from generation |
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Term
Define
Inherited characteristics
and give an example |
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Definition
traits which were passed down to off spring directly from its parents
ex. eye color
hair color
skin color |
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Term
| What are discrete variations |
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Definition
differences in characteristics that have a distinct form
ex blood type , albinism |
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Term
continuous variations
what are they
and example |
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Definition
| are differences in chracteristics that have a range of forms, such as height, shoe size |
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Term
True or False
Some heritable characteristics may be affected by interactions with the environment |
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Definition
True
change of skin color due to the sun
height and weight influenced by diet |
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Term
Define
Asexual reproduction |
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Definition
Involves 1 parent
all of the off spring are identical |
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Term
| what are the 4 types of asexual reproduction |
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Definition
binary fission
budding
spore production
vegetive reproduction |
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Term
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Definition
single celled organisms reproduce this way
the cell splits into two cells and each one is identical |
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Term
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Definition
the parent organism produces a bud (smaller version )
this bud falls and becomes a self sufficient individual
IDENTICAL to parents |
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Term
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Definition
spores are similar to seeds but not produced sexually
one parent can produce many spores all identical to the parent
ex.fungi |
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Term
| Vegetive reproduction is ? |
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Definition
is the production of a plant without seeds
A:cuttings
B: runners
C: Tubers |
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Term
| Sexual reproduction have a mix of ? |
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Definition
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Term
| When a egg and sperm unit A ___ is formed ? |
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Definition
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Term
| This Zygote begins to split , making a _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| What is DNA and its actual name ? |
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Definition
Transmitter of genetic code
Deoxyribo Nucleic acid |
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Term
| Characteristics of DNA (2) and how many cells does it take to have all your DNA |
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Definition
- Is the blue print or set of instructions that gives each species its heritable traits
- nearly all of your body cells have a complete copy of all of your DNA
- just one of your cells could be used to clone you |
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Term
All DNA molecules contain exactly the same chemicals arranged in different ways , theses chemicals are ?
which of those chemicals hook up ? |
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Definition
Adenine A A-t Hook C-G HOOk
thymine T
Cytosine C
Guanine G |
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Term
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Definition
| DNA is arranged in the nucleus in compact packages, called chromosomes |
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Term
| How many chromosomes do each human have and how much in each pair |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Segments of DNA
coded instructions for the organisms
are located on the chromosomes |
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Term
| How many genes do humans have |
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Definition
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Term
| Genes exist in many possible forms called |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| will show up in you, if you have at least one copy of the allele. A: Freckles |
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Term
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Definition
| Will only show up in you if you carry both copies of the allele |
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Term
Define
Homozygous
Heterozygous |
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Definition
- same alleles
- different alleles |
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Term
What is Mitosis
what is Meiosis
And what is the difference between them |
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Definition
Mitosis: produces two identical cells in multi-cellular organisms
- it takes place in your bodys cells
ex. Skin, blood and muscle cells
- humans produce millions of new cells each second this way
meiosis: is a type of cell division that produces gametes (sex cells )
-these have only half the DNA of a normal cell
- this process involves two cell divisions |
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Term
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Definition
| Sex cells such as the egg and sperm |
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Term
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Definition
| is a disappearance of every individual organism in that species |
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Term
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Definition
| Extinct from a certain area, moved etc |
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Term
| what are 4 ways a species and go extinct naturally and explain what they are |
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Definition
1: catastrophic events : volcanic eruptions etc.
2. lack of food (due to Overpop)
3. Disease: mad cow disease etc
4. overspecialization
occurs when an organism has adaptions that suit them to a very narrow set of environmental conditions ex. panda |
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Term
| What is Artificial selection |
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Definition
| is a process of selecting and breeding individuals with desirable traits to produce offspring with desirable traits |
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Term
What is Bio technology
and who uses it |
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Definition
high tech ways of producing desirable organisms
farmers breeders and scientists now speed up artificial selection |
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Term
| Artificial insemination , what is it |
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Definition
| artificially implanting sperm into egg |
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Term
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Definition
| when two male and female gametes are selected and produced in a petri dish |
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Term
| what is genetic engineering |
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Definition
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