Term
| Amplitude is best associated with? |
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Definition
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Term
| Frequency is best associated with? |
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Definition
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Term
| Complexity is best associated with? |
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Definition
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Term
| What Hz do conversations usually occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the stapes(stirrup)fit into? |
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Definition
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Term
| What ions are used by hair cells for depolarizing cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| Receptor cells for audition and vestibular sense? |
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Definition
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Term
| Receptor cells for Vision? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three canals found in the cochlea? |
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Definition
| Vestibular, Tympanic, Cochlear |
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Term
| What is the range for high frequencies in the cochlea? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the range for low frequencies in the cochlea? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the range for medium frequencies in the cochlea? |
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Definition
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Term
| What canal houses the basilar membrane/Organ of Corti? |
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Definition
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Term
| Dorsal or Ventral stream? Flows from the auditory cortex through the parietal area, where the brain determines the spatial location of a sound source. The information then proceeds to the frontal lobes, where it can beused for directing eye movements toward sound sources and for planning movements. AKA "WHERE" |
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Definition
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Term
| Dorsal or Ventral stream? Passes from the temporal to the frontal lobes. Active when the individual is distinguishing among sounds. AKA "WHAT" |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of neurological deficit would one expect with a person that suffered a large stroke involving the right posterior parietal lobe? |
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Definition
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Term
| Receptor cells > Bipolar Cells > Ganglion Cells > ? > Primary Visual Cortex |
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Definition
| LGN--- Lateral Geniculate Nucleus of the Thalamus |
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Term
| What layer of the cortex receives fibers originating from the thalamus? |
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Definition
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Term
| Basel end or apex end? Processes higher frequencies |
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Definition
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Term
| Basel end or apex end? Processes lower frequencies |
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Definition
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Term
| Auditory neurons for part of what cranial nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What auditory theory? Assumes that the auditory mechanism transmits the actual sound frequencies to the auditory cortex for analysis there. |
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Definition
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Term
| What auditory theory? Individual neurons in the auditory nerve fire at the same frequency as the rate of vibration of the sound source. |
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Definition
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Term
| What auditory theory? Groups of neurons follow the frequency of a sound at higher frequencies. |
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Definition
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Term
| What auditory theory? The frequency of a sound is identified according to the location of maximal vibration on the basilar membrane and, therefore, which neurons are firing most. |
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Definition
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Term
| The auditory cortex is topographically organized, in the form of a _____________ map. |
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Definition
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Term
| The "time of arrival" circuit contains ______________ _____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Rods contain _____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Cones contain ____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| What photorecptor is responsible for motion or night vision? |
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Definition
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Term
| What photorecptor is responsible for determining color? |
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Definition
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Term
| What three colors do cones detect? |
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Definition
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Term
| WHat happens at the optic chiasm? |
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Definition
| The two optic nerves cross |
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Term
| More distant objects cast their image toward the ________ side of the retina. |
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Definition
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Term
| Closer objects cast their image toward the ______ side of the retina. |
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Definition
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Term
| Theory? Attempts to explain color vision in terms of opposing neural processes. |
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Definition
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Term
| Colors that cancel each other out to produce a neutral gray or white |
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Definition
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Term
| After image is an example of what theory? |
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Definition
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Term
| The detection of an objects boundaries and features (such as texture) |
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Definition
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Term
| What ganglion cells is activated most? |
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Definition
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Term
| What ganglion cells is activated least? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of frequencies are more recognizable? high or low |
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Definition
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Term
| Parvocellular ganglion cells are located mostly in the _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Magnocelluar ganglion cells are located mostly in the _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two general skin type receptors? |
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Definition
| Free nerve endings and Encapsulated receptors |
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Term
Superficial layers of skin receptors? 2
What do they detect? |
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Definition
Meissner's corpuscles and Merkel's discs (M&M's on TOP)
Texture and Fine detail |
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Term
Deep layers of skin receptors? 2
What do they detect? |
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Definition
Pacinian corpuscles and Ruffini endings
Detect streching of the skin |
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Term
| Chemical pain is what receptor? |
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Definition
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Term
| Thermal pain is what receptor? |
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Definition
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Term
What fibers are for sharp pain?
What neurotransmitter? |
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Definition
A delta fibers
Substance P |
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Term
What fibers are for chronic pain?
What neurotransmitter? |
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Definition
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Term
| Theory? Pressure triggers an inhibitory message that closes a neural "gate" in the pain pathway |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the presynaptic inhibitor in the Gate Control Theory? |
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Definition
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Term
| Amputees suffer from what type of pain? |
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Definition
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Term
| What neurotransmitter is released by Motor Neurons to depolarize muscle fibers? |
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Definition
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Term
| When a muscle fiber is depolarized what channel opens? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Where are electrodes placed in Parkinson patients? |
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Definition
| Subthalamic nucleus and Globus Pallidus |
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Term
| What is Myasthenia Gravis? |
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Definition
| Autoimmune disease. Reduced number of acetylcholine receptors |
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Term
| What areas are mostly affected by Huntingtons disease? 2 |
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Definition
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Term
| What is affected by Parkinsons disease? |
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Definition
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Term
| What area is mostly affected by Multiple Sclerosis disease? |
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Definition
| Neurons - DEMYELINATION!!! |
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Term
| What are the two ascending pathways that convey touch and pain information? |
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Definition
| Dorsal columns and Spinothalamic tract |
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Term
| What are the two motor pathways in the primary motor cortex and traveling to the head and body? |
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Definition
| Corticospinal Pathway and Corticobulbar Pathway |
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