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| The concept that phenomena, including various apects of behavior (e.g.intelligence, values,morals) are governed by biological (genetic0 factors; the inaccurate association of various behavioral attributes with certain biological traits, such as skin color. |
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| The philosphy of "race improvement" through the forced sterilization of members of some groups and increased reproduction among otheres; an overly simplified, often racist view that's now discredited. |
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| An emphasized grouped together various characteristics, such as skin color, face shape, nose shape, hair color, hair form, and eye color and shape. |
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| Referring to species composed of populations that differ in the expression of one or more traits. |
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| Loci with more than one allele. Polymorphisms can be expressed in the phenotpe as the result of gene action (as in ABO), or they can exist soley at the DNA level within noncoding regions. |
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| All of the genes shared by the reproducive members of a poulation. |
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| Populations that are clrealy isolated geograhpically and/or socially from other breeding groups. |
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| Mating with individuals from the same group. |
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| Mating pattern wereby individuals obtain mates from groups other than their own. |
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| A protien molecule that occurs in the red blood cells and binds to Oxygen molecules. |
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| Differentiation of cells into diferent types of tissues and their maturation. |
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| Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium |
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Definition
1. mutation is not occurring
2. natural selection is not occurring
3. the population is infinitely large
4. all members of the population breed
5. all mating is totally random
6. everyone produces the same number of offspring
7. there is no migration in or out of the population |
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| A condition of balance, or stability, within a biological system, maintained by the interaction of physiological mechanisms that compensate for changes (both external and internal). |
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| Physiological responses to changes in the environment that occur during an individual's lifetime. Such responses may be temporary or permanent, depending on the duration of the enviromantal change and when in the individual's life occurs. The capacity for acclimatization may typify an entire population or species, and because it's under genetic influence, it's subject to evolutionary factors such as natural aelection and genetic drift. |
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| are responsible for geographical patterning of human skin color. |
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| A rule of thumb law devised by the biologist J.A.Allen that states structures in endotherms such as limbs (which are more prone to heat loss) are reduced in size by means of natural selection over time in cooler climates. This is a favourable circumstance with the intention to reduce heat loss |
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| Agents that transmit disease from one carrier to another. Mosquitos are vectors for malaria, just as fleas are vectors for bubonic plague. |
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| Continoulsy presented in a population. |
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| Pertaining to a zoonosis a disease that's transmitted to humans through contact with nonhuman animals. |
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| The end of menstration in women, usually occuring at arounf age 50. |
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| Decline in physiological function usually associated with againg. |
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| Genes that have some more than one effect; genes that have different effects at different times in the life cycle. |
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| A rule of thumb law devised by the biologist J.A.Allen that states structures in endotherms such as limbs (which are more prone to heat loss) are reduced in size by means of natural selection over time in cooler climates. This is a favourable circumstance with the intention to reduce heat loss |
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| Evolutionary psychology is a theory of human behavior that incorporates the effects of evolution. As our ancestors confronted problems, they developed ways of solving those problems. Over time, the most successful solutions developed into basic instincts. We no longer need to consciously think about certain behaviors, as they simply “come naturally.” Those behaviors are tempered by input from our culture, family, and individual factors, but the underlying behaviors are instinctual. |
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| Thrifty genes are genes which enable individuals to efficiently collect and process food to deposit fat during periods of food abundance. |
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| Thrifty Phenotype Hypothesis |
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| The thrifty phenotype hypothesis says that reduced fetal growth is strongly associated with a number of chronic conditions later in life. |
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| The human Life Cycle/ Life History Theory |
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Definition
1. The history of changes undergone by an organism from inception or conception to death.
2. The developmental history of an individual or a group in society. |
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Definition
A larger body size has comparatively smaller surface area so that loss of body heat is minimised.
as per example- Birds and mammals of colder area are larger in size as compered to their equivalents in warmer area, e.g.- 1.0 m long Penguin in Antarctica and 0.5 m long Penguin in Galapagos islands |
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