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Definition
| Group of interbreeding organisms of one species |
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Definition
| A group of interbreeding organisms of one species in a habitat |
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Definition
| All the populations of different organisms living and interacting in a particular place at a time |
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Definition
| A place where a community lives. |
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Definition
| How an organism fits into an environment |
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| Estimated population size = |
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Definition
total number of individuals in first sample x total number in seconds sample
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Number of marked individuals recaptured |
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Definition
| (births + immigration) - (deaths + emigration) |
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| Factors affecting birth rate |
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Definition
Economy
Culture
Social pressure
Birth control
Politics |
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| Factors affecting death rate |
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Definition
Age profile
Life expectancy
Food supply
Safe drinking Water
Medical care
Natural disasters/war |
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Term
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Definition
Metabolic processes
Movement
Active Transport
Secretion
Activation of molecules |
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Term
| Light dependant reaction occurs in the |
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Definition
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Term
| What occurs in the light independant reaction? |
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Definition
| A chlorophyll molecule absorbs light energy, raising the energy level of a pair of electrons, causing them to leave the chlorophyll. They are then taken up by an electron carrier. They are then moved down the electron transport chain in a series of oxidation reduction reactions. Each time they move from one electron carrier to another, a little bit of energy is released, and this is used to combine ADP + Pi --> ATP. To replace the electrons, water is split using light energy, producing 4 e-, 4H+ and O2. The protons are then taken up by NADP, reducing it. |
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| Where does the light independant reaction take place? |
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Definition
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Term
| What occurs in the light independant reaction |
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Definition
| CO2 is added to ribulose biphosphate, producing 2 x glycerate-3-phosphate. The glycerate-3-phosphate is then reduced using reduced NADP and ATP, producing triose phosphate, some of which is converted to useful organic substances such as glucose, most of which is used to regenerate ribulose biphosphate |
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Term
| Limiting factors in photosynthesis |
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Definition
Light intensity
CO2 concentration
Temperature |
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Term
| Where does glycolysis occur |
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Definition
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Term
| What occurs in glycolysis |
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Definition
| Glucose is activated by two ATP molecules, allowing it to split into two molecules of triose phosphate. The triose phosphate molecules are then oxidised by NAD producing ATP, and converted to pyruvate. This conversion regenerates two more molecules of ATP for each molecules. |
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Term
| Where does the link reaction occur |
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Definition
| The matrix of the mitochondria |
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Term
| What occurs during the link reaction? |
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Definition
| The pyruvate is oxidised by NAD forming reduced NAD, and then Acetyl Coenzyme A and CO2 is produced. |
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Term
| Where does the krebs cycle take place |
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Definition
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Term
| What occurs during the krebs cycles |
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Definition
| acetyl coenzyme a combines with a 4C molecule to form a 6 carbon molecule. During the krebs cycle two molecules of CO2 are produced from this, creating the 4 carbon molecule that is at the start. Reduced NAD and FAD are also produced, as well as one molecule of ATP from substrate level phosphorylation. |
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| Where does the ETC occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| What occurs during the ETC? |
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Definition
| The reduced coenzymes donate their electrons to the electron carriers, and the protons are actively transported across the inner mitochondrial membrane. The electrons are passed down the electron carriers in a series of oxidation reduction reactions, which releases energy, which is then used to combine ADP and Pi to form ATP. The electrons and protons combine with oxygen at the end to form water. |
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Term
| pyruvate + reduced NAD (aerobic plants) --> |
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Definition
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Term
| pyruvate + reduced NAD (anaerobic plants) --> |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| energy transfer efficiency = |
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Definition
energy before
----------------- x 100
energy after |
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