Term
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Definition
- the characteristics that make a person a good human being - service to a social community
- sometimes conflicting role: good person vs. good physician |
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Term
| Christianity ( Virtue) Ethics |
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Definition
- cardinal virtues
- emphasizes on compassion
- " some are called into medicine"
- had contrasting "7 deadly sins"
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Term
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Definition
- connection between God and natural law
- should not go against nature
- to act rationally is to act morally
- condemned homosexuality
- retribution will occur |
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Term
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Definition
- Duty
- never treat individuals as only a mean
- Be a good person
- "pure reason"
- "always tell patients the truth" |
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Term
| Utilitarianism and Consequentialism |
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Definition
- aimed to benefit the majority of people
- consequentialism, maximization, a theory of value, a scope of morality premise
- goal is to save maximal numbers of lives
- |
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Term
| Rawlsian Contractarianism |
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Definition
| adds a concern with distribution of outcomes to equality and freedom |
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Term
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Definition
-autonomy
-beneficence
-nonmaleficence
-justice |
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Term
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Definition
focuses on the relationships between people
focuses on family ( caring, trusting, nurturing, love) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
no singular ethical system is complete and correct
may contain dozens of conflicting values |
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Term
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Definition
-researched head injuries
-reproduced injuries on monkeys
-used nematic hammers,restraints, abuse
-15 years of research, discovered nothing
-was shut down |
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Term
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Definition
National Institute of Health
- an appointed committee of professionals that used animals for research
- responsible for shutting Generelli down |
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Term
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Definition
People for Ethical Treatment of Animals
-activist groups |
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Term
| Institutional animal care and USE committees |
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Definition
-created in 1986
-group of researches who have to check to make sure testing follows rules and regulations
-vet specialists, experts not involved with the experiments |
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Term
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Definition
-CI Therapy
-would cut open monkeys and their tendons
-he wanted to make paralyzed limbs work again
-charged with animal abuse, not allowed to touch animals
-was given a special medical center for CI therapy, helps humans recover from strokes/injuries |
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Term
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Definition
-replacement
-refinement
-reduction |
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Term
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Definition
(carteisianism)
- animals did not feel pain
-believed you needed to have a soul to have a mind |
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Term
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Definition
-sentience
-consciousness
-mammals - humans are the only self conscious "my pain" |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| awareness of feeling pain |
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Term
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Definition
| how much we associate something being human like |
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Term
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Definition
-Treating animals differently than humans
-Utilitarian reasoning |
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Term
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Definition
a federal law to test toxicity.
- not very affective when tested on animals due to different genetic makeup |
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Term
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Definition
-unique situation
-falls under natural law
-did experimenting on the black, uneducated, and not mobile people |
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Term
| PLan for the Tuskegee Study |
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Definition
-compare the affected to 200 similarly aged men in the same area without syphilis
-deny them treatment
-see what happens throughout their life after getting the disease |
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Term
| Tuskegee Study: 1920's-30's |
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Definition
-racism/stereotypes
-"syphilis as a natural consequence of low character in african americans"
-subject considered less than human |
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Term
| Tuskegee Study:1940's-60's |
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Definition
-penecilin: cure for syphilis (1948)
-blacks did not recieve this cure |
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Term
| The investigation: spinal taps |
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Definition
- 28 subjects died between 1929-1972
- 17 medical journals were written |
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Term
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Definition
-subjects:black,poor,sexually diseased
-consent: by government
-results:ACT works in smaller doses |
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Term
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Definition
| (on pregnant women and military personnel) |
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Term
| The theme of former Governor of Colorado Richard Lamm's critique of the financing of he American medical system is that: |
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Definition
| Medical care is being unjustly funded too exorbitantly by deficits that future generations must pay off. |
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Term
| The Canadian medical system is not: |
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Definition
| Composed of physicians who work for the government. |
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Term
| For John Rawls, understanding what justice requires of us does not involve: |
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Definition
| Protection of rights over property against demands of egalitarians for its redistribution, e.g., by income and inheritance taxes. |
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Term
| According to Peter Singer, a medical experiment is NON-SPECIESIST if |
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Definition
| Where we use an adult baboon, we would use an anencephalic human baby |
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Term
| Which of the concepts below best supports the idea in the European Union have to give apes in Europe some of the rights of humans? |
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Definition
| The gradient view of personhood. |
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Term
| What was the final result in the 076 regimen in Africa to prevent vertical transmission of HIV from mother to child? |
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Definition
| After the small dosages of AZT were proven effective, the studies were stopped. |
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Term
| Subjects in the control group in the Tuskegee Study later received compensation, as well as the men in the other group that lasted over the decades of the Study, because |
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Definition
| They were denied some medical care and some opportunities, like subjects in the other group. |
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