Term
| Of 100 couples who pay for several attempts at in vitro fertilization, about how many take home a baby? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the biggest biological barrier to pregnancy in an infertile couple trying to conceive? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Today, the Vatican holds that in vitro fertilization is morally: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the McCaughey case of septuplets, what was the fate of the babies? |
|
Definition
| They all lived, but at least two have cerebral palsy |
|
|
Term
| Which of these is false about the history of assisted reproduction and its associated ethical issues? |
|
Definition
| Due to the successes of assisted reproduction, most infertile parents eventually take home a baby |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following statements is false? |
|
Definition
| Hwang Woo Suk successfully cloned a human embryo. |
|
|
Term
| What did President George W. Bush do in the summer of 2006 regarding embryonic stem cells? |
|
Definition
| He vetoed a Congressional bill that would have loosened restrictions on federal funds for research with embryonic stem cells |
|
|
Term
| Which of these statements is false? |
|
Definition
| The only way to create stem cells is by using human embryos |
|
|
Term
| The Argument for an Open Future objects to originating a child by cloning by arguing in part that: |
|
Definition
| Unreasonable and perhaps wrong expectations based on the chosen phenotype may be placed on a child created this way |
|
|
Term
| Announcement that the lamb Dolly had been created by cloning about the year: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The great bias in pediatric surgery regarding conjoined twins is that: |
|
Definition
| It is always better to live life as a singleton than as a conjoined person. |
|
|
Term
| To say that Baby Fae’s operation was research and not therapy implies that: |
|
Definition
| There was little chance of success. |
|
|
Term
| The Christian theologian Paul Ramsey argued that: |
|
Definition
| Parents should never be allowed to volunteer their children for research |
|
|
Term
| To say a baby is an “organ donor” is misleading because: |
|
Definition
| Babies cannot agree to the organ transplant. |
|
|
Term
| In regard to eugenics, which of these is FALSE? |
|
Definition
| The origins of the eugenics movement were in Nazi Germany. |
|
|
Term
| If you have two copies of a gene for breast cancer, there is now some evidence that which of the following may increase your longevity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The best evidence that teenagers at risk for type II diabetes can prevent it comes from: |
|
Definition
| Studies of immigrants from other countries with healthier diets. |
|
|
Term
| GINA refers to a federal law that forbids: |
|
Definition
| Discrimination in employment or insurance based on genetic testing |
|
|
Term
| How many attempts did it take Steptoe and Edwards to create Louise Brown? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What's Louise Brown doing today? |
|
Definition
| Lived a normal life. Married, had a natural born son |
|
|
Term
| What happened to Steptoe? |
|
Definition
| died in 1988, before Queen Elizabeth was going to knight him. |
|
|
Term
| What happened to Edwards? |
|
Definition
| became a fellow of the royal society, a great honor in english scientific community |
|
|
Term
| what were physicians J. Marion Sims and Robert Latou Dickinson condemned in the history of assisted reproduction? |
|
Definition
| artificial insemination (AIH) |
|
|
Term
| How much does the average couple pay to adopt a child? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why does payment vary by race and characteristics of the child-to-be-adopted? |
|
Definition
| different races are more in demand in north america, which influences the cost of different races of babies |
|
|
Term
| How much was Mary Beth Whitehead paid to bear Baby M? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What did Judge Sorkow rule in the Baby M case? |
|
Definition
| said that whitehead agreed to be a surrogate mother, so she should just take her money and hand over the baby |
|
|
Term
| What did the New Jersey Supreme Court rule in the Baby M case? |
|
Definition
| They declared Whitehead, the surrogate mother, legal custody with full visiting rights; invalidated the surrogate contract |
|
|
Term
| What was the Baby Jaycee case about? |
|
Definition
| "child with 5 parents" parents divorced, had surrogate mother, sperm and egg from two other people |
|
|
Term
| How do critics thing children created by surrogacy are harmed by having multiple adults involved in their creation? |
|
Definition
| They may be confused with their identity |
|
|
Term
| What is the Paradox of Harm |
|
Definition
| someone can be harmed by simply being born |
|
|
Term
| What's the overall chance of taking home a baby each time an infertile couple tries IVF? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are the McCaughey septuplets doing today? |
|
Definition
| at least four of them have disabilities |
|
|
Term
| who were the oldest women to have gestated babies? |
|
Definition
Maria Carmen del Bousada, 67
Adriana Illiescu, 66 |
|
|
Term
| How old was actor Tony Randall when he recently became a father? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What controversial experiments in the 1970's preceded the ban on use of federal funds involving human embryos |
|
Definition
| creation of embryos from eggs outside of the womb |
|
|
Term
| What was the Rios case about? |
|
Definition
| died childless, debate on what to do with their frozen embryos, waited to see if someone would adopt them, no one did so they were destroyed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a divorced couple fought over their frozen embryos. the wife wanted to donate them to an infertile couple, husband wanted them destroyed. They were destroyed. |
|
|
Term
| What did the Dickey-Warner Amendment ban? |
|
Definition
| funds will not be made available to those researching on embryos that will destroy,etc. them |
|
|
Term
| 1997 Announcement of cloning of lamb Dolly |
|
Definition
| first clone. galvanized interest in cloning human embryos |
|
|
Term
| 1998 Advanced Cell Technology uses cow eggs to grow human embryos |
|
Definition
| fused the two together, removed the nucleus from the cow egg |
|
|
Term
| 1998 Creation of immortalized human stem cell lines |
|
Definition
| found bone marrow, can help an injured body grow new cells |
|
|
Term
| 2001 Adult human stem cells discovered |
|
Definition
| embryos also contain many adult organs and tissue |
|
|
Term
| 2001 First press conference by American president about a current controversy in medical ethics. |
|
Definition
| Bush rejected using funds to create embryos for research |
|
|
Term
| 2005 Fraud of Hwang Woo Suk |
|
Definition
| lied about cloning human embryos and stem cells from them |
|
|
Term
| 2006 Veto of bill to fund embryonic stem cell research |
|
Definition
| Senate voted to expand federal funding of embryonic stem cell research |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "no human can experience pain before 14 days" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| if unsure, do not act on something until you are sure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| transplant of an organ from one species to another |
|
|
Term
| Did Baby Fae have a good chance to reach age 21, as Bailey once claimed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was Tom Regan's and PETA's critique of the xenograft? |
|
Definition
| beings who have a life should live it. its not right to end a healthy life to try to make a dying one last longer |
|
|
Term
| What was the goal of the Ontario protocol |
|
Definition
| an anencephalic baby could become a donor only after being pronounced dead by criteria of brain death. did not happen very often |
|
|
Term
| Why was Paul Holc famous? |
|
Definition
| first baby to receive a heart from an encephalic baby |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| characterized by the absence of the cerebrum and cerebellum, as well as the top of the skull, resulting in exposure of the brain stem. |
|
|
Term
| What was the 1992 Baby Theresa case about? |
|
Definition
| wanted to donate baby for organs, had to be brain dead in order for this to happen...even though she was going to die no matter what, they would not pronounce her dead so that organs could be donated |
|
|
Term
| Why is the phrase "organ donor" misleading in the above cases? |
|
Definition
| infants are vulnerable, have no consent |
|
|
Term
| What are the long-term outcomes for separating conjoined twins? |
|
Definition
| one can possibly die, or even both. May cause problems that did not exist before trying to separate |
|
|
Term
| • What role did Nancy Wexler play in the discovery of a marker and image test for Huntington's disease? |
|
Definition
| clinical psychologist, She helped to discover the gene for Huntington's disease and to develop a predictive test for it |
|
|
Term
| • What's the difference between a marker for a gene and a gene (test for the gene itself)? |
|
Definition
| the chance of having it vs. actually being tested and knowing you have the gene |
|
|
Term
| • What genes have been discovered for breast cancer? |
|
Definition
| BRCA1,BRCA2,CHEK2....smoking and/or taking the pill can increase the risk of getting the cancer |
|
|
Term
| • Does bilateral mastectomy for women with genes for breast cancer associated with longer life? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| • What does "eugenics" mean? |
|
Definition
Was created by Americans ( the melting pot)
"improving of hereditary characteristics through voluntary, selective breeding" |
|
|
Term
| • The Immigration Protection Act of 1924 |
|
Definition
| established quotas according to countries of origin. Wanted to keep "inferior" races out of the country as long as possible |
|
|
Term
| • Case of Carrie Buck & Buck vs. Bell decision |
|
Definition
| Carrie inherited a mental disease, at 18 year old she was institutionalized while pregnant. Court permitted her to sterilization. ( Belief that poor, and mentally ill people should not be aloud to have children) |
|
|
Term
| • J. B. S. Haldane "An ounce of algebra is worth a ton of verbal argument." |
|
Definition
| belief that we can try to control numbers of population any way we can, but opinions on what beliefs are the right ones will always be an ongoing battle |
|
|
Term
| • Testing for Alzheimer's disease |
|
Definition
| creates fear in people because it strikes a person's identity. Drinking alcohol can accelerate the decline that accompanies Alzheimer's. |
|
|
Term
| • How might it be in a person's self-interest to take a presymptomatic genetic test? |
|
Definition
| So they know if their children or other family members could potentially have the gene. |
|
|
Term
| • A program at a recent concert advertised that woman who fear they are at genetic risk for breast cancer can send a blood sample and check for $600 to a lab in Utah for confidential testing. Why is this a scam? |
|
Definition
| It is not a real test. Tests need to be administered by a professional, and can be free through insurance. There is usually no cost directly to the patient for these tests |
|
|
Term
| • What recommendation did the President's Commission make about testing? |
|
Definition
| emphasized that counseling should be guaranteed before and after testing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| claim that the inherited size and shape of the head determined intelligence and character |
|
|
