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Bio: Ecology/Animal Behavior
N/A
51
Biology
11th Grade
04/04/2011

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Term
Population
Definition
A group of individuals of the same species in the same area
Term
Community
Definition
A group of populations in the same area
Term
Ecosystem
Definition
interrelationships between organisms in a community and their physical environment
Term
Biosphere
Definition
Composed of all regions of the earth that contain living things
Term
Niche
Definition
all the biotic and abiotic resources in the environment used by an organism
Term
Dispersion
Definition
how individuals in a population are distributed (clumped, uniform, random)
Term
Age structure
Definition
description of the abundance of individuals of each age. Rapidly growing population has a large proportion of youngin's
Term
Type 1 survivorship
Definition
Most individuals survive to middle age, then mortality rate rises. (Humans)
Term
Type 2 survivorship
Definition
Length of survivorship is random (Rats)
Term
Type III
Definition
Most individuals die young (Stuff that makes larva)
Term
Biotic potential
Definition
maximum growth rate of a population under idea conditions
Term
Carrying capacity
Definition
maximum number of individuals that can be sustained by a particular habitat
Term
Limiting factors
Definition
Prevent a population from attaining biotic potential. Density-dependent or independent.
Term
Population Growth EQ (derp)
Definition
r = (births-deaths)/N
Term
Exponential Growth
Definition
occurs whenever the reproductive rate is greater than zero (HERPADERP)
Term
Logistic growth
Definition
Limiting factors restrict the size of the population to the carrying capacity, S shaped curve
Term
R-selected species
Definition
rapid growth, opportunistic species, quickly invade a habitat, reproduce, and die. produce offspring that are small, mature quickly, and require little parental care
Term
K-selected species
Definition
Population size remains relatively constant, produce a small number of relatively large offspring that require care. Reproduction occurs repeatedly.
Term
Competitive Exclusion Principle (gause's principle)
Definition
When 2 species compete for the same resources/occupy the same niche, one is likely to be more successful, meaning the other will be eliminated. :(
Term
Resource partitioning
Definition
Some species coexist in spite of apparent competition for the same resources because they occupy slightly different niches. Divide up the resources
Term
Character Displacement (niche shift)
Definition
As a result of resource partitioning, certain characteristics may enable individuals to obtain resources in their partitions more successful. Leads to a divergence of features
Term
Realized Niche
Definition
What a species occupies when competitors are present in their fundamental niche (barnacles at different cliff heights)
Term
Commensalism
Definition
+/0
Term
Mutualism
Definition
+/+
Term
Parasitoid
Definition
An insect that lays its eggs on a host
Term
Granivores
Definition
Seed-eaters
Term
Secondary Compounds
Definition
toxic chemicals produced in plants
Term
Aposematic coloration
Definition
warning coloration, poisonous species
Term
Mullerian mimicry
Definition
Different animals with special defense mechanism share same coloration because a single pattern is more easily taught to silly animals
Term
Batesian mimicry
Definition
An animal without a defense mechanism mimics a dangerous one... poser.
Term
Climax Community ;D
Definition
Final stage of succession
Term
Primary Succession
Definition
On substrates that never previously supported living carp
Term
Secondary Succession
Definition
habitats where communities were entirely/partially destroyed
Term
Pioneer species
Definition
Begin succession, typically opportunistic r-selected species. Can tolerate harsh stuff
Term
Savannas
Definition
Rainforest with less water
Term
Taiga
Definition
coniferous forest
Term
Tundra
Definition
permafrost, soggy soil, cold!
Term
FAP :D
Definition
Innate behaviors that follow a regular, unvarying pattern, initiated by a specific stimulus
Term
Imprinting
Definition
Innate program for acquiring a specific behavior only if an appropriate stimulus is experienced during a critical period (duckling + mother)
Term
Associative learning/classical conditioning
Definition
Dog + bell + spit
Term
Trial and Error learning/Operant conditioning
Definition
animal connects its own behavior with a particular environmental response
Term
Extinction
Definition
Loss of an acquired behavior
Term
Habituation
Definition
a learned behavior that allows the animal to disregard meaningless stimuli (cows + umbrellas)
Term
Spatial learning
Definition
An animal associates attributes of a location with the reward it gains by being able to identify and return to that location
Term
Insight
Definition
An animal performs a beneficial behavior without any prior relevant experience
Term
Kinesis
Definition
Undirected change in speed of an animal's movement in response to a stimulus. (bugs under a rock)
Term
Taxis
Definition
Directed movement in response to a stimulus (moths to light, animals to food derp)
Term
Releaser pheromones
Definition
Chemicals that cause immediate and specific behavioral changes
Term
Primer pheromones
Definition
cause physiological changes
Term
I LOVE
Definition
MIKE MEIGS
Term
YOU ARE
Definition
TEH BESTEST <3333333
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