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| A ___ is a behavior that causes a change in another animal's behavior |
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| Many animals that communicate through odors emit chemicals called ___. |
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| When a ___ is injured, an alarm substance in the fish's skin disperses in the water, inducing a fright response among fish in the area. Within seconds of the substance being introduced, fish dive tot he bottom. |
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| ___ songs are genetically controlled |
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| A single gene appears to direct the mating and parental behavior of the pair-bonded ___. |
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| California mice and white-footed mice |
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| Foster-parenting studies in ___ and ___ have shown that social environment influences aggressive behavior |
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| ___ is a modification of behavior based on experience. |
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| ___ is a loss of responsiveness to stimuli that convey little information |
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| ___ is the modification of behavior based on experience with the spatial structure of the environment |
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| In a classic experiment, ___ showed how digger wasps use landmarks to find the entrances to their nests |
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| ___ is a type of learning in which an arbitrary stimulus is associated with a reward or punishment |
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| ___ is another type of learning in which an animal learns to associate one of its behaviors with a reward or punishment |
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| ___ is an animal's ability to perceive, store, process, and use information gathered by the senses. |
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| ___ can be learned by observing the behavior of other animals. |
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| differences in prey selection in garter snakes are evidence of ___. |
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| Hatchling coast ___ will immediately eat slugs, but hatchling valley ___ do not recognize them as food. |
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| ___ from different habitats show differing degrees of aggressiveness. |
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| Studies of ___ have documented a change in their migratory behavior. More and more European birds have begun migrating to Britain in the winter, rather than to sunnier places. |
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| ___ sees foraging behavior as compromise between the benefits of nutrition and the costs of obtaining food |
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| Scientist ___ conducted a cost=benefit analysis of crow behavior. the crows eat snails, dropping them from the air to crack the shells |
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| Mating behavior is directed by ___: a type of natural selection in which differences in reproductive success result from differences in mating success. |
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| In some species, mating is ___, with no strong pair-bonds |
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| in ___ relationships, one male pairs with one female |
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| Pair-bonded animals, such as these trumpeter swans, are often ___, males and females are similar in appearance. |
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| In a mating system called ___, one male mates with many females. the males are often more showy and larger than the females |
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| in ___ systems, like that of the jacana, one female mates with many males. the females are often more showy than the males. |
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| Sexual dimorphism results from ___. |
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| ___ produces traits that make one more likely to be chosen as a mate |
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| ___ produces traits that help one defeat a competitor |
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| Male ___ are more ornate than females, a trait that affects mate choice by the females. |
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| the eyes in ___ affect which males the females choose. |
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| male-male competition for mates may involve ___, an often ritualized contest that determines which competitor gains access to a resource. |
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