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Biochemistry
Inhibitors and Activators of Cycles
44
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Graduate
02/13/2009

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Term
Glycogen Phosphorylase ;Glycogen--> Limit Dextrix
Definition
Glucagon, AMP, epinephrine, Ca++ are activators what enzyme during which step of glycogenolysis
Term
Glycogen Phosphorylase ;Glycogen--> Limit Dextrix
Definition
Insulin, ATP, G-6-P are inhibitors of what enzyme of what step of glycogenolysis
Term
active
Definition
In glycognesis, insulin is _____ when it is dephosphorylated
Term
inactive
Definition
In glycogenesis, glucagon is ___ when phosphorylated
Term
galactokinase; Galactose-->G-1-P
Definition
Blockage of this enzyme at what step will lead to mild galactosemia and an increase of galactose in urine in galactose metabolism
Term
galatose 1-p-uridyltransferase; Galactose-1-P--> UDP Glucose
Definition
Blockage of this enzyme in what step will lead to classic galactosemia which resulsts in galactosuria, jaundince, vomitting
Term
UDP galactose
Definition
this can make GAGs, glycoproteins, glycolipids, lactose
Term
fructokinase; Fructose--> F-1-P
Definition
In fructose metabolism, a blockage of this enzyme in this step leads to fructosuria
Term
Aldolase B; Fructose 1-p--> DHAP or to Glyceraldehyde
Definition
Inhibition of this enzyme leads to HFI, intracellular blocking of F-1-P, hepatomegaly, and hypouridemia at what step in fructose metabolism
Term
glycerol phosphate
Definition
this makes triacylglycerols and too much fructose in the diet leads to hyperlipidemia and hyperuricemia
Term
electron transport chain
Definition
If you have Lieber's Hereditary Neuropathy you have a problem in the ??
Term
Rotonol Amyital
Definition
if there is a blockage from complex I to co-enzyme Q this is due to??
Term
antimycin A
Definition
if there is a blockage in complex III between the ferrous and ferric iron conversion step this is due to
Term
CN-, Azide, CO-
Definition
Fe/Cu in complex IV when it doesnt bind to oxygen is because of these three chemicals. name them.
Term
oligomycin
Definition
what is the inhibiting enzyme in complex V in the electron transport chain
Term
2,4-Dinitrophenol
Definition
name the decoupler in complex V
Term
hexokinase; Glucose--> G-6-P
Definition
In glycolysis, ADP, Glucose and Insulin activate what enzyme at what step
Term
hexokinase; Glucose--> G-6-P
Definition
in glycolysis, ATP, glucagon, G-6-P, F-6-P inhibit what enzyme in what step
Term
PFK1; F-6-BP--> F-1-BP
Definition
insulin, F-2,6-BP, AMP activate what enzyme at what step in glycolysis
Term
PFK1; F-6-BP--> F-1-BP
Definition
glucagon and citrate inhibit this enzyme in this step in glycolysis
Term
arsinic
Definition
NADH and ATP production from GAP--> 1,3-BPG--> 3-PG are inhibited by
Term
Flourine
Definition
this inhibits enolase in the step 2PG--PEP
Term
F-1,6-BP
Definition
this activates pyruvate kinase in PEP-->Pyruvate
Term
analine, ATP, Acetyl CoA
Definition
these inhibit pyruvate kinase in the step of PEP--> Pyruvate
Term
allosteric activation of CoA
Definition
in gluconeogenesis, pyruvate carboxylase (requires biotin), in the step of Pyruvate--> OAA is activated by ___
Term
low levels of CoA
Definition
in gluconeogenesis, pyruvate carboxylase (requires biotin), in the step of Pyruvate--> OAA is inhibited by ___
Term
cAMP, ATP, Citrate, Glucagon
Definition
F-1,6-BPase in the step of F-1-BP--> F-6-P is activated by?
Term
insulin, AMP, F-2,6-BP
Definition
F-1,6-BPase in the step of F-1-BP--> F-6-P is inhibited by?
Term
NAD, CoA, Pyruvate, Ca++
Definition
in the TCA cycle, what are the activators of PDH in the step of Pyruvate to Acetyl Coa
Term
NADH, ATP, Acetyl CoA
Definition
in the TCA cycle, what are the inhibitors of PDH in the step of Pyruvate to Acetyl Coa
Term
PDH kinase
Definition
E1 which contains vitamin B is inhibited by?
Term
PDH phosphotase
Definition
E1 which contains vitamin B is activated by?
Term
Citrate, Succinyl Coa, NADH
Definition
citrate synthase in the step of Acetyl Coa--> citrate is inhibited by
Term
fluroacetate
Definition
aconitase in the step of citrate--> isocitrate is inhibited by
Term
ADP, Ca++
Definition
isocitrate DH in the step of isocitrate--> alpha ketoregulate, is activated by
Term
ATP, NADH
Definition
isocitrate DH in the step of isocitrate--> alpha ketoregulate, is inhibited by
Term
E1-E3
Definition
alpha ketoregulate DH in the step of alpha ketoregulate--> succinyl coA is activated by?
Term
ATP, NADH, GTP, Succinyl CoA
Definition
alpha ketoregulate DH in the step of alpha ketoregulate--> succinyl coA is inhibited by?
Term
malonate
Definition
succinate DH in the step of succinate
--> fumerate is inhibited by
Term
G-6-P DH; G-6-P-->6- phosphogluconalactone
Definition
in the pentose phosphate pathway, a deficiency in this enzyme in this step, causes hemolytic anemia, where there will be no oxidative burst, and is due to either a fava bean of anti-malarial drug OD
Term
nucleotide
Definition
ribulose 5-P--> ribose 5-P is an isomerization that is involved with what type of metabolism
Term
Transketolase
Definition
this needs TPP asa cofactor
Term
NADPH oxidase
Definition
a deficiency in this enzyme in the step of O2 to the free oxygen radical resulsts in no burst, and recurrent infections
Term
glutathione peroxidase
Definition
this enzyme requires selenium
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