Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Biochemistry
Macronutrients - Protein
10
Health Care
Graduate
12/30/2008

Additional Health Care Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Explain how an amino acid can be classified based on net charge:
Definition
Zwitterions (dipolar ions) are the amino acids with no carboxy or amino group attached and has no net charge. Once a carboxy group or amino group is added, the net charge of the amino acid can change to positive or negative or remain neutral.
Term
Explain how an amino acid can be classified based on polarity:
Definition
polarity is determined by side chain group of the amino acid.
Term
During protein digestion, peptides are broken into free amino acids mainly __________.
Definition
within the enterocytes.
Term
Most amino acids are absorbed from the _______.
Definition
proximal small intestine
Term
which regulatory peptides in the pancreatic phase of digestion activate the release of brush border enzymes such as enteropeptidase?
Definition
cholecystokinin and secretin
Term
what is the importance of the gamma glutamyl cycle?
Definition
It transports amino acids through membranes of renal tubular cells, erythrocytes and neurons. Glutathione acts as a carrier of selected neutral amino acids into cells.
Term
What are the branched chain amino acids (BCAAs)?
Definition
isoleucine, leucine, and valine.
Term
What are the aromatic amino acids catabolized primarily in the liver?
Definition
Phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan
Term
What are the sulfur containing amino acids catabolized in the liver?
Definition
cysteine and methionine
Term
What are the nitrogen-containing compounds that indicate muscle mass and muscle/protein catabolism?
Definition
creatinine and 3-methyhistidine. Excretion of creatinine is a refliction of muscle mass because it is the degradation product of creatine. 3- methylhistidine indicates muscle degradation.
Supporting users have an ad free experience!