Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| decrease in amount of gene transcribed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increases rate of expression |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| where negative regulators (repressors) bind |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| death cap mushrooms; inhibit RNA polymerase II, liver failure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 5' cap, 3' polyadenylation, splicing out of introns |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1' transcript and snRNP combine with other proteins to make spliceosome -> lariat intermediate -> lariate removed and 2 eons joined |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when is the lac operon on? |
|
Definition
| no glucose and excess lactose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| intervening, noncoding that stays in nucleus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| enzyme that binds the AA to tRNA |
|
Definition
| aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| aminoglycosides, tetracyclines |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| only first 2 positions of an mRNA codon so the 3rd "wobble" position may code for same AA/tRNA |
|
|
Term
| protein synthesis initiation |
|
Definition
| activated by GTP hydrolysis initiation factors help assemple |
|
|
Term
| protein synthesis elongation |
|
Definition
aminoacyl-tRNA binds to A site
- robosomal rRNA catalyzes peptide bond formaiton, transfers growing polypeptide to AA in A site
- ribosome advances 3 nucleotides toward 3' end of RNA, moving peptidyl RNA to P site |
|
|
Term
| protein synthesis termination |
|
Definition
| stop codon recognized by release factor and completed protein is released from ribosome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chloramphenicol, clindamycin, erythromycin, linezolid, lincomycin, streptogramins |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removal of N or C terminal from zymogens to generate mature proteins |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| phosphorylation, glycosylation, hydroxylation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| attachment of ubiquitin to defective protons to tag them for breakdown |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what makes histones positive? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| allows mismatch repair enzymes to distinguish old and new |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| relaxes DNA coiling, allowing transcription |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| GC -> higher melting point |
|
|
Term
| amino acids for purine synth |
|
Definition
| glyie, aspartate, glutamine |
|
|
Term
| AA for pyrimidine synthesis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| inhibits ribonucleatide reductase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| blocks de no vo purine synthesis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| inhibits thymidylate synthease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| inhibits dihydrofolate reductase |
|
Definition
| methotrexate, trimethoprim |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| glutamine PRPP aminotransferase |
|
|
Term
| megaloblastic anemia that doesn't improve with B12 or folate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| increased orotic acid in urine but no increased ammonia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| orotic aciduria deficiency |
|
Definition
| orotic acid phsophoribosyltransferase or orotidine 5' phosphate decarboxylase |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| start with sugar + phosphate, + base |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| make base + sugar + phosphate, modify base |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| imbalance in nucleotide pool ia feedback inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase -> prevents DNA synthesis and thus decreases lymphocyte count. causes SCID |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| retardation, self mutilation, gout |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| drugs that use xanthine oxidase also |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| degenerate/redundant feature |
|
Definition
| more than 1 codon may code for same AA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| from a fixed starting point |
|
|
Term
| universal feature of genetic code |
|
Definition
| conserved throughout evolution |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| misreading of al nucleotides downstream |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| where DNA synthesis begins |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| where leading and lagging synthesized |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| single stranded binding proteins |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what inhibits DNA topoisomerase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| makes RNA primer to initiate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| prokaryotic only; degrades RNA primer and fills in gap |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| adds DNA to 3' end to avoid loss of material |
|
|
Term
| endonucleases relase oligonucleotide contained bases |
|
Definition
| nucleotide excision repair |
|
|
Term
| nucleotide excision repair defect |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| glycosylases remove damaged base, endonucleased cuts DNA, removed, and then filled and resealed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| mismatched nucleotides are removed and gap is filled |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| brings together 2 ends of DNA |
|
Definition
| non homologous end joining |
|
|
Term
| non homologous end joining defects |
|
Definition
| ataxia telangiectasia, bloom syndrome |
|
|
