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Biochemistry Vocabulary
vocab
23
Biology
10th Grade
09/23/2015

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Term
Element
Definition
Substance consisting entirely of one type of atom
Term
Compound
Definition
Substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions
Term
Molecule
Definition
Smallest unit of most compounds
Term
Cohesion
Definition
Attraction between molecules of the same substance.
Term
Adhesion
Definition
Attraction between molecules of differnt substances in plants, attraction between unlike molecules
Term
Hydrogen Bond
Definition
Is the electromagnic attration between polar molecules.
Term
pH Scale
Definition
Measurment system used to indicate the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in solution ranges from 0 to 14
Term
Acid
Definition
Compound that forms hydrogen ions (H+) in soulution.
Term
Base
Definition
Compound that produces hydroxide ions (OH+) in solution.
Term
Buffer
Definition
Weak acid or base that can react with strong acids or bases to help prevent sharp sudden changes in a pH
Term
Monomer
Definition
Small unit that can join together with other small units to form polymers.
Term
Polymer
Definition
Large compound formed from combinations of many monomers.
Term
Macronucleus
Definition
The larger of a ciliates two nuclei,
Term
Carbohydrate
Definition
compound made up of carbon hydrogen and oxygen atoms
Term
monosaccharide
Definition
single sugar molecule
Term
polysacchaaride
Definition
large molecule formed from monoasaccharides
Term
protein
Definition
macromolecule that contains carbon hydrogen and oxygen and nitrogen needed by the body for growth.
Term
amino acid
Definition
compound with amino groups on one end and a carboxyl
Term
enzyme
Definition
Protein that acts as a biological catalyst
Term
lipids
Definition
macromolecule made mainly from carbon and hydrogen atoms includes fats oils and waxes
Term
nucleic acid
Definition
macromolecule containing hydrogen oxygen carbon and phosphorus
Term
nucleotide
Definition
monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar a phosphate group and nitrogenous base
Term
deoxyribonucleic acid
Definition
nucleic acid that contains the sugar deoxyribose
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