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Biochemistry Vesicular Transport
ER-Golgi Pathway
18
Biology
Graduate
08/22/2010

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Cards

Term
3 fates for "new" proteins
Definition

(1) Cytosolic

(2) Organelle specific

(3) PM and secretory

Term
ER-Golgi Pathway
Definition

For organelle-specific and PM/secretory fates of proteins

Utilizes vesicular transport

Term
Structure of Golgi
Definition

(1) CGN-ER

(2) medial stacks

(3)TGN-periphery of cell

[image]

Term
Function of Golgi
Definition

(1) Modify proteins

(2) Sort proteins via TGN (lysosome, secretion, PM)

Term
Golgi modification of proteins
Definition

Proteolysis

Glycosylation

AA side chain alteration

Acyl group addition

Sulfate addition

 

Term
Proteins destined for organelles
Definition

(1) ER resident proteins

(2) Lysosomal proteins

Term
KDEL
Definition

ER retention signal binding sequence allows proteins to be retrieved from Golgi and sent to ER

Membrane receptor in CGN sends back via retrograde transport

Term
M6P
Definition

Mannose-6-P

Tag on proteins destined for lysosome

Utilize M6P receptor at TGN which moves proteins to endosome

Term
I Cell Disease
Definition

Lysosomal storage disease

Deficiency in enzyme that adds MGP to lysosomal proteins

If not marked, are secreted

Results in inclusion bodies in lysosome and increased number of hydrolases in plasma

Affect CT, die by age 5

Term
Endocytosis
Definition

PM-->lysosome

(1) pinocytosis

(2) phagocytosis

(3) receptor-mediated

Term
Pinocytosis
Definition

Constitutive

Non-regulated

Continuous in most cells

[image]

 

 

Term

Phagocytosis

 

Definition

Regulated

Neutrophils

Monocyte

Macrophage

Term
Receptor Mediated
Definition

Selective uptake via cell surface receptors

LDL

(1) LDL binds receptor

(2) form clathrin coated pit---vesicle buds off

(3) uncoate clathrin

(4) fuse vesicles

(5) vesicles bind to endosome--low pH causes receptor to release ligand

(6) ligand transported to lysosome; receptor goes back to PM

[image]

Term
Lysosomal storage diseases
Definition

Family of diseases-undegraded material in lysosome

Lack hydrolases

(1) Mucopolysaccharidosis

(2) Mucolipodosis

(3) Sphingolipidosis (Niemann Pick)

Mental retardation and neuronal problems

Term

Mucopolysaccharidosis

Hurler's Syndrome

Definition

Lysosomal storage disease

Accumulation of GAG because of deficient ioduronidase

Term

Familial hypercholesterolemia 

hyperlipidemia IIa

Definition

Defective receptor mediated endocytosis

Mutation in gene for LDL receptor

Increase in plasma LDL levels leads to artherosclerotic plaques

Term
Proteins destined to PM or for exocytosis
Definition

Exocytotic pathways diverge in TGN

(1) regulated

(2) constitutive

Term
Regulated
Definition

Exocytotic

Special cells (hromone, neurotransmitters, digestive enzymes)

Always Ca2+ regulated

Proteins bud from TGN, combine and accumulate near PM

Proteolytic processing

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