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Biochemistry Review
Biochem review of glycolysis
21
Chemistry
Undergraduate 2
12/18/2008

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Term
Glycogen Phosphorylase
Definition
cleaves from alpha 1 4 and forms G1P
Term
phosphoglucomutase
Definition
converts G1P to G6P
Term
Debranching enzyme
Definition
transfers remainder to other branch and cleaves leftover alpha 1-6
Term
glycogen synthase
Definition
adds alpha 1-4 from G1P
Term
branching enzyme
Definition
FORMS alpha 1-6 to start a branch
Term
what regulates the branching enzyme for glycogen synthesis?
Definition
Epinephrine and Glucagon
Term
What is the first high energy compound formed during glycolysis?
Definition
BPG
Term
What is special about the glycogen synthesises regulation?
Definition
It is regulated by both the presence AND the absence of glucagon.
Term
What are HK's Activators and inhibitors?
Definition
G6P is an inhibitor
Term
What are PFK's activators and inhibitors?
Definition
AMP ADP F2 and 6BP are it's activators and ATP and Citrate are it's inhibitors
Term
What are PK's activators and inhibitors?
Definition
it is activated by high carbohydrate level and FBP and inhibited by ATP and Acetyl CoA
Term
What is Pyruvate DH's activators and inhibitors?
Definition
NAD CoASH and AMP are activators, and acetylCoA, NADH and ATP are inhibitors
Term
isocitrate DH is activated and inhibited by what?
Definition
Activated by ADP, inhibited by NADH
Term
What inhibits and activates alphaKG?
Definition
it is activated by Succinyl CoA and inhibited by NADH
Term
What activates and inhibits G6Ptase?
Definition
it is activated by G6P
Term
What activates and inhibits f1,6BP-tase?
Definition
F2,6BP, AMP
Term
What activates and inhibits Pyruvate carboxylase?
Definition
AcetylCoA activates it
Term
What peptide is essential to proton transport?
Definition
ASP
Term
What are the 3 conformations for the ATP synthase active sites? Describe them
Definition

Open-Releases whatever was bound

 Loose-Bins substrates ADP and Pi

Tight- In the course of conversion from loose to tight ATP is formed

Term
What are some things that disrupt the gradient and inhibit oxidative phosphorylation?
Definition

Uncoupling protiens - channels which H+ flows through instead of F0

DNP (carries H through membrane)

Valinomycin (carries H through membrane)

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