Term
| What are carbon-based molecules called? |
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Definition
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Term
| Do all living or all non-living things contain carbon? |
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Definition
| All living things contain carbon. |
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Term
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Definition
| A compound composed of ONLY carbon and hydrogen |
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Term
| Are the bonds in hdrocarbons polar or non-polar? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do hydrocarbons tend to be? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Compounds of C and H that are only single bonded (saturated) |
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Term
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Definition
| Compounds of C and H that have at least one double bond (unsaturated) |
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Term
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Definition
| Compounds of C and H that have at least one triple bond (unsaturated) |
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Term
| How many major groups of organic compounds does a Macromolecule contain? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are macromolecules formed? |
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Definition
| By polymerization where large compounds are made by joining monomers together |
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Term
| What is another phrase for "dehydration synthesis?" |
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Definition
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Term
| How do you break a macromolecule? |
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Definition
| Hydrolosis (adding water) |
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Term
| What is the monomer of Carbohydrates? |
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Definition
| Monosaccharides (single sugar molecules) |
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Term
| What is the function of Carbohydrates? |
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Definition
| Living things use carbs as their main source of energy SHORT TERM |
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Term
| What do some plants and some animals use carbs for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are 3 examples of monosaccharides |
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Definition
| Glucose, Galactose, and Fructose |
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Term
| What are the 3 types of Carbohydrates? |
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Definition
| Monosaccarides, Disaccharides, Polysaccharides |
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Term
| How are Disaccharides formed? |
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Definition
| When two monosaccharides join together by the dehydration synthesis |
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Term
| What are examples of Disaccharides? |
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Definition
| Maltose, Sucrose, Lactose |
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Term
| What is the Polymer of Carbohydrates? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are Polysaccharides used for? |
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Definition
| They are used by many plants and animals to store sugar |
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Term
| What are examples of Polysaccharides? |
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Definition
| Starch, Cellulose, Glycogen |
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Term
| file:///Users/alexkovar/Downloads/carbohydrates.png |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the monomer of lipids? |
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Definition
| It does not have a monomer |
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Term
| What are lipids made up of? |
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Definition
| Glycerol and three fatty acids |
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Term
| What is the molecular formula for Carbohydrates? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the characteristics of lipids? |
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Definition
They widely vary in structure and function.
They can't dissolve in water (soluble in non-polar solvent) |
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Term
| What are the functions of lipids? |
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Definition
LONG-TERM storage energy
Insulation and Protection
Chemical Messangers; surround nerve cells; myelin
Cell Membranes |
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Term
| What are the 3 types of lipids, and what form do they take in room temp.? |
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Definition
Fats-solid
Oils-liquid
Waxes-hard solid |
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Term
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Definition
BAD
solid animal fats
causes heart disea
SINGLE bonds between carbons |
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Term
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Definition
GOOD
Fish oil
Prevents heart disease
DOUBLE bonds between carbons |
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Term
| file:///Users/alexkovar/Downloads/Lipids.png |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the monomer of Proteins? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many different amino acids are there and what is important about them? |
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Definition
| 20 different amino acids, SEQUENCE is important. |
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Term
| What is the structural importance of Proteins? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of Proteins |
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Definition
| -ENZYMES (chemical CATALYSTS that speed and regulate almost all chemical reactions) |
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Term
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Definition
| Lets you know it's an ENZYME |
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Term
| What are examples of Proteins? |
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Definition
| Structural, Defensive, Signal, Transport, and Storage |
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Term
| What do Enzymes act like? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| SPEED UP chemical reactions that take place in cells by LOWERING ACTIVE energy. |
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Term
| file:///Users/alexkovar/Downloads/Proteins.png |
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Definition
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Term
Label the Enzyme
file:///Users/alexkovar/Downloads/Enzyme |
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Definition
| [image]file:///Users/alexkovar/Downloads/Enzyme.jpeg |
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Term
Label the Protein
file:///Users/alexkovar/Downloads/Protein Structure |
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Definition
| file:///Users/alexkovar/Downloads/Protein Structure.jpeg |
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Term
| What are the monomers of Nucleic Acids? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many parts does a nucleotide have, what are they called? |
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Definition
3 parts:
5-Carbon Sugar
Phosphate Group
Nitrogenous Base |
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Term
| What is the function of Nucleic Acids? |
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Definition
| To store and transmit heriditary/genetic information |
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Term
| What are the two kinds of Nucleic Acids? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two Nitrogenous Bases made out of? |
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Definition
DNA- Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G)
RNA- Adenine (A), Uracil (U), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G) |
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Term
Label the Nucleic Acid
file:///Users/alexkovar/Downloads/Nucleic Acid.png |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 4 types of macromolecules? |
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Definition
| Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids |
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Term
| Does a 2 to 1 ratio of hydrogen atoms to oxygen atoms exist in fatty acids? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many water molecules are formed when one fat molecule is produced? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does a glycerol molecule differ from a carbohydrate molecule? |
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Definition
| The ratios in glycerol molecules are not 2:1 like in carbohydrate molecules |
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Term
| How does a fatty acid molecule differ from a carbohydrate molecule? |
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Definition
| Fatty acid is a long chain and has a specific carboxyl group on the end. Carbs are in a ring. |
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Term
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Definition
| Carbon double-bonded to an oxygen and also bonded to a hydroxyl group |
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Term
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Definition
| Consists of hydrogen atom bonded to an oxygen atom, which then is bonded to the carbon |
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Term
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Definition
| Carbon double bonded to an oxygen atom |
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Term
| What is the arrangement found in fatty acids as well as amino acids? |
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Definition
| Double bond of O with an O-H attached (a CARBOXYL GROUP) |
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Term
| How do amino acid molecules differ from fatty acid molecules? |
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Definition
| Amino group and nitrogen are in amino acids and not in fatty acids. |
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Term
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Definition
| The chemical combinations of two amino acids |
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Term
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Definition
| Amino acids joining through a dehydration synthesis |
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