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| argininosuccinate synthetase |
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| aspartate aminotransferase |
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| carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I (CPS I) - |
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| Catalyzes the formation of carbamoyl phosphate from HCO3- and NH3 to begin the urea cycle. Because it is a synthetase it hydrolyzes 2 ATP to 2 ADP + 2 Pi. This is the control enzyme for the urea cycle and it is regulated by allosteric activation from N-acetylglutamate. |
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| means spontaneous formation (genesis) of new (neo) glucose, by definition it converts new precursors (non carbohydrates) to glucose. This occurs mainly in the liver, but to a lesser extent in the kidneys. Lactate, glycerol, and amino acids are used as carbon sources to synthesize glucose. This process occurs mainly during a period of fasting, starvation, low carbohydrate diets, and intense exercise. |
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| The major biosynthetic precursor in the body. It is the major monosaccharide in the blood. After a meal, glucose is oxidized by various tissues for energy, it enters the biosynthetic pathways, and is stored as glycogen, mainly in liver and muscle. Cells use glucose as a source of energy as well as a metabolic intermediate. |
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| ornithine transcarbamoylase |
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| The major process for removing nitrogen from amino acids. The amino group from one amino acid is transferred to another. urea |
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