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| converted to malonyl CoA in the process of fatty acid synthesis (by the enzyme acetyl CoA carboxylase) |
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| enzyme that converts acetyl CoA to malonyl CoA during fatty acid synthesis |
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| acyl carrier protein (ACP) |
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| protein that carries long-chain fatty acids in the blood |
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| AMP dependent protein kinase |
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| palmitoyltransferase-I=CPT-I= converts Fatty acyl CoA to Fatty acyl carnitine so that the fatty acid can enter the mitochondrial matrix and undergo beta-oxidation |
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| due to acetyl CoA not being able to cross the mitochondrial membrane directly, acetyl CoA condenses with oxaloacetate to form citrate in the mitochondria so that it can cross the mitochondrial membrane and enter the cytosol |
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| an important enzyme for fatty acid biosynthesis in which it citrate is cleaved to provide acetyl CoA and oxaloacetate |
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| dihydroxyacetone phosphate |
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| dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine |
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| qboth linolenic and linoleic fatty acids are essential because the body cannot build them from scratch and therefore must get them through the diet |
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| fructose-2,6-bisphosphate |
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| , HSL- an enzyme active in the fasting state, breaks down triacylglycerol in adipose cells to fatty acids and glycerol which are released into the bloodstream |
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| insulin-stimulated phosphatase |
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| q omega-6 fatty acids, considered essential |
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| qomega-3 fatty acids, considered essential |
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| LPL- breaks down triacylglycerols from VLDL and chylomicrons to fatty acids and glycerol so that the fatty acids can enter adipose cells and be stored |
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| Is a substance that prevents the lung's alveoli from collapsing. It does so by reducing their surface tension, so that they require less pressure to re-inflate. (p. 625) |
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| monoacylglycerol phosphate |
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| pyruvate pyruvate carboxylase |
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